Chapter 40 - The Sonographic and Doppler Evaluation of the Female Pelvis

Question 1

structure or tissue next to or near another related structure; the ovaries and the fallopian tubes are in the adnexa of the uterus

Answer 1

adnexa

Question 2

tipped forward

Answer 2

anteverted

Question 3

small vessels found along the periphery of the uterus

Answer 3

arcuate vessels

Question 4

any projection like a horn; refers to the fundus of the uterus where the fallopian tube arises

Answer 4

cornu, cornua

Question 5

refers to a horizontal plane through the longitudinal axis of the body to image structures from anterior to posterior

Answer 5

coronal plane

Question 6

inner lining of the uterine cavity, which appears echogenic to hypoechoic on ultrasound, depending on the menstrual cycle

Answer 6

endometrium

Question 7

inner surface of the cervical os

Answer 7

internal os

Question 8

an opening or entrance into a canal or cavity, as the vagina

Answer 8

introitus

Question 9

state after reaching puberty in which menses occur normally every 21 to 28 days

Answer 9

menarche

Question 10

when menses have ceased permanently

Answer 10

menopause

Question 11

days 1 to 4 of the menstrual cycle; the endometrial canal appears as a hypoechoic central line representing blood and tissue

Answer 11

menstruation

Question 12

middle layer of the uterine cavity that appears very homogeneous with sonography

Answer 12

myometrium

Question 13

pregnancy

Answer 13

parity

Question 14

Doppler measurement that takes the highest systolic peak minus the highest diastolic peak divided by the highest systolic peak

Answer 14

Pourcelot resistive index (RI)

Question 15

time before the onset of menses

Answer 15

premenarche

Question 16

days 5 to 9 of the menstrual cycle; endometrium appears as a single thin stripe with a hypoechoic halo encompassing it; creates the “three-line sign”

Answer 16

proliferative phase (early)

Question 17

days 10 to 14 of the menstrual cycle; ovulation occurs; the endometrium increases in thickness and echogenicity

Answer 17

proliferative phase (late)

Question 18

Doppler measurement that uses peak systole minus peak diastole divided by the mean

Answer 18

pulsatility index (PI)

Question 19

bending backward

Answer 19

retroverted

Question 20

a vertical plane through the longitudinal axis of the body that divides it into two portions

Answer 20

sagittal plane

Question 21

difference between peak systole and end diastole

Answer 21

S/D ratio

Question 22

days 15 to 28 of the menstrual cycle; the endometrium is at its greatest thickness and echogenicity with posterior enhancement

Answer 22

secretory (luteal) phase

Question 23

(saline infused sonography, or SIS) technique that uses a catheter inserted into the endometrial cavity, with the insertion of saline solution or contrast medium, to fill the endometrial cavity for the purpose of demonstrating abnormalities within the cavity or uterine tubes

Answer 23

sonohysterography

Question 24

across, or through, the labia

Answer 24

translabial

Question 25

across, or through, the perineum

Answer 25

transperineal