Chapter 10 - The Liver

Question 1

Area superior to the liver that is not covered by peritoneum so that inferior vena cava may enter the chest

Answer 1

bare area

Question 2

Smallest lobe of the liver situated on the posterosuperior surface of the left lobe; the ligamentum venosum is the anterior border

Answer 2

caudate lobe

Question 3

Area between the right and left hypochondrium

Answer 3

epigastrium

Question 4

Extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm in a sagittal plane and contains the ligamentum teres

Answer 4

falciform ligament

Question 5

Left upper quadrant of the abdomen that contains the left lobe of the liver, spleen, and stomach

Answer 5

left hypochondrium

Question 6

Lies in the epigastrium and left hypochondrium

Answer 6

left lobe of the liver

Question 7

Supplies the left lobe of the liver

Answer 7

left portal vein

Question 8

Appears as bright echogenic foci on transverse image; along with falciform ligament, it divides medial and lateral segments of left lobe of the liver

Answer 8

ligamentum teres

Question 9

Separates left lobe from caudate lobe; shown as echogenic line on the transverse and sagittal images

Answer 9

ligamentum venosum

Question 10

Boundary between the right and left lobes of the liver; seen as hyperechoic line on the sagittal image extending from the portal vein to the neck of the gallbladder

Answer 10

main lobar fissure

Question 11

Enters the liver at the porta hepatis

Answer 11

main portal vein

Question 12

Right upper quadrant of the abdomen that contains the liver and gallbladder

Answer 12

right hypochondrium

Question 13

Largest lobe of the liver

Answer 13

right lobe of the liver

Question 14

Supplies the right lobe of the liver; branches into anterior and posterior segments

Answer 14

right portal vein

Question 15

Enzyme of the liver

Answer 15

alkaline phosphatase

Question 16

Alanine aminotransferase - enzyme of the liver

Answer 16

ALT

Question 17

Aspartate aminotransferase - enzyme of the liver

Answer 17

AST

Question 18

Yellow pigment in bile formed by the breakdown of red blood cells; excreted by liver and stored in the gallbladder

Answer 18

bilirubin

Question 19

Blood urea nitrogen; laboratory measurement of the amount of nitrogenous waste and creatinine in the blood

Answer 19

BUN

Question 20

Classification of liver disease where hepatocytes are the primary problem

Answer 20

hepatocellular disease

Question 21

Parenchymal liver cell that performs all functions ascribed to the liver

Answer 21

hepatocyte

Question 22

Flow away from the liver

Answer 22

hepatofugal

Question 23

Flow toward the liver

Answer 23

hepatopetal

Question 24

Uncontrolled increase in blood glucose levels

Answer 24

hyperglycemia

Question 25

Deficiency in blood glucose levels

Answer 25

hypoglycemia

Question 26

Specific laboratory tests that look at liver function (aspartate or alanine aminotransferase, lactic acid dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin)

Answer 26

liver function tests

Question 27

Classification of liver disease where the main problem is blocked bile excretion within the liver or biliary system

Answer 27

obstructive disease

Question 28

Hypoechoic mass with an echogenic central core (abscess, metastases)

Answer 28

bull’s-eye (target) lesion

Question 29

Develops when normal venous channels become obstructed

Answer 29

collateral circulation

Question 30

Affects hepatocytes and interferes with liver function

Answer 30

diffuse hepatocellular disease

Question 31

Outside the liver

Answer 31

extrahepatic

Question 32

Within the liver

Answer 32

intrahepatic

Question 33

Most common form of neoplasm of the liver; primary sites are colon, breast, and lung

Answer 33

metastatic disease

Question 34

Any new growth (benign or malignant)

Answer 34

neoplasm

Question 35

Pus-forming collection of fluid

Answer 35

pyogenic abscess