Chapter 40 Flashcards
In vertebrates, what is the fluid that allows for the movement of material into and out of cells and fills the space between cells?
Interstitial fluid
What are the four main tissue types?
Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous
What is the purpose of epithelial tissue?
It covers the areas outside the body and lines organs
List 6 types of connective tissue
Ligaments, tendons, bones, adipose, blood, cartilage
What is muscle tissue comprised of?
Actin and myosin
What is the function of nervous tissue?
Receives, processes, and transmits info quickly through body
What is the difference between nerves and hormones?
Hormones act slower than nerves and affect a region in the body. Nerves are quick and target specific areas.
Define homeostasis
The body maintaining natural equilibrium with its external environment; maintaining body temperature, pH, and glucose concentration
What is the difference between an endotherm and an ectotherm?
Endotherms produce their own body heat. The body heat of ectotherms is based on their environment.
What is torpor?
The state in which physical activity is low and metabolic rate decreases. Hibernation is an example of a long term state or torpor.
Cells in the connective tissue that secrete the protein of extracellular fibers
Fibroblast cells
Skeletal muscle is responsible for what type of movement?
Voluntary
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue found in the body?
Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac
Give an example of negative feedback
When you are thirsty, your control center is stimulated, tells you to drink water, and it’s negative because once you drink water you are not thirsty anymore so it stops.
Give an example of positive feedback
Childbirth. Changes in body that cause more change, like childbirth-contractions increase. Keeps going.
What part of the brain controls thermoregulation?
Hypothalamus
What is the function of nervous tissue and what is it made up of?
Transmits info to a specific area of the body. Contains neurons and glial cells.
Is rate of exchange proportional to a cell’s surface area?
Yes
Dendrites, cell body, and axon are components of?
A neuron
Neurons and glia are components of?
Nervous tissue
How is metabolic rate determined?
An animal’s heat loss
Amount of O2 consumed or CO2 produced
Measuring energy content of food consumed or energy lost in waste