Chapter 4 Vocab Words - Part 2 Flashcards
The thinnest of the 3 main kinds of protein fibers making up the cytoskeleton of a eukaryotic cell; a solid, helical rod composed of the globular protein actin.
Microfilaments
A digestive organelle in eukaryotic cells, contains hydrolytic enzymes that digest the cell’s food and wastes.
Lysosome
A photograph taken through a microscope.
Micrograph
The thickest of the 3 main kinds of fibers making up the cytoskeleton of a eukaryotic cell; a straight, hollow tube made of globular proteins called tubulins. Microtubules form the basis of the structure and movement of cilia and flagella.
Microtubule
The fluid contained within the inner membrane of a mitochondrion.
Mitochondrial Matrix
An organelle in eukaryotic cells where cellular respiration occurs. Enclosed by 2 concentric membranes, it is where most of the cell’s ATP is made.
Mitochondrion
A double membrane, perforated with pores, which encloses the nucleus and separates it from the rest of the eukaryotic cell.
Nuclear Envelope
A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
Nucleoid
A structure within the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell where ribosomal RNA is made and assembled with proteins imported from the cytoplasm to make ribosomal subunits.
Nucleolus
The genetic control center of a eukaryotic cell.
Nucleus
A membrane-enclosed structure with a specialized function within a cell.
Organelle
An organelle containing enzymes that transfer hydrogen from various substrates to oxygen, producing and then degrading hydrogen peroxide.
Peroxisome
The membrane that sets a cell off from its surroundings and acts as a selective barrier to the passage of ions and molecules into and out of the cell; consists of a phospholipid bilayer in which are embedded molecules of protein and cholesterol.
Plasma Membrane
An open channel in a plant cell wall through which strands of cytoplasm connect from adjacent cells.
Plasmodesma
A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.
Prokaryotic Cell