Chapter 16 Part 2 Flashcards

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0
Q

Microbiology technique to identify the cell wall composition of bacteria. Results categorize bacteria as positive or negative for the stain.

A

Gram Stain

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1
Q

The multicellular haploid form in the life cycle of organisms undergoing alternation of generations; mitotically produces haploid gametes that unite and grow into the sporophyte generation.

A

Gametophyte

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2
Q

Diverse group of bacteria with a cell wall that is structurally less complex and contains more peptidoglycan than that of gram-negative bacteria. These bacteria are usually less toxic than gram-negative bacteria.

A

Gram-Positive

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3
Q

A member of a group of photosynthetic protists that includes chlorophytes and charophyceans, the closest living relatives of land plants. This organism includes unicellular, colonial, and multicellular species.

A

Green-Alga

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4
Q

An organism that cannot make its own organic food molecules and must obtain them by consuming other organisms or their organic products; a consumer or a decomposer in a food chain.

A

Heterotroph

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5
Q

A type of Archaea that produces gas waste as a metabolic waste product.

A

Methanogens

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6
Q

Organism that derives its nutrition from a living host, which is harmed by the interaction.

A

Parasite

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7
Q

An agent such as a virus, bacteria, or fungus, that causes disease.

A

Pathogen

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8
Q

A polymer of complex sugars cross-linked by short polypeptides; a material unique to bacterial cell walls.

A

Peptidoglycan

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9
Q

An organism that obtains energy from sunlight and carbon from CO2 by photosynthesis.

A

Photoautotroph

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10
Q

An organism that obtains energy from sunlight and carbon from organic sources.

A

Photoheterotroph

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11
Q

A short projection on the surface of a prokaryotic cell that helps the prokaryote attach to other surfaces. Specialized sex is performed using these short projections which are used in conjugation to hold the mating cells together.

A

Pious

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12
Q

A type of protist that has amoeboid cells, flagellated cells, and an amoeboid feeding stage in its life cycle.

A

Plasmodia Slime Mold

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13
Q

A single mass of cytoplasm containing many nuclei. (2) The amoeboid feeding stage in the life cycle of a slime mold.

A

Plasmodium

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14
Q

A diverse clade of gram-negative bacteria that includes five subgroups known as alpha, beta, gamma, delta, and epsilon.

A

Proteobacteria

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15
Q

A member of the Kingdom in which it is named (Protist). These organisms are unicellular, though some are colonial or multicellular.

A

Protist

16
Q

A protist that lives primarily by ingesting food; a heterotrophic, “animal- like” protist.

A

Protozoan

17
Q

A temporary extension of an amoeboid cell. These organisms function in moving cells and engulfing food.

A

Pseudopodia

18
Q

A protist that moves and feeds by means of threadlike pseudopodia and has a mineralized support structure composed of silica.

A

Radiolarian

19
Q

A member of a group of marine, mostly multicellular, autotrophic protists, which includes the reef-building coralline algae.

A

Red Alga

20
Q

A process by which protist diversity is hypothesized to have evolved from a symbiotic association that arose when an autotrophic eukaryotic protist was engulfed by a heterotrophic eukaryotic protist.

A

Secondary Endosymbiosis

21
Q

A member of a group of helical bacteria that spiral through the environment by means of rotating, internal filaments.

A

Spirochete

22
Q

The multicellular diploid form in the life cycle of organisms undergoing alternation of generations; results from a union of gametes and meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.

A

Sporophyte

23
Q

A close association between organisms of two or more species

A

Symbiosis

24
Q

A fungus-like protist in the stramenopile clade.

A

Water-Mold