Chapter 17 Part. 2 Flashcards
A close association of plant roots and fungi that is beneficial
to both partners.
Mycorrhizae
The densely branched network of hyphae in a fungus.
Mycelium
In animals, the female gonad, which produces egg cells and reproductive hormones. (2) In flowering plants, the basal portion of a carpel in which the egg-containing ovules develop.
Ovary
Organism that derives its nutrition from a living host, which is harmed by the interaction.
Parasite
A modified leaf of a flowering plant. These structures are often the colorful parts of a flower that advertise it to pollinators.
Petal
The portion of a plant’s vascular tissue system that conveys phloem sap throughout a plant. This tissue is made up of sieve-tube members.
Phloem
The structure that will produce the sperm in seed plants; the male gametophyte.
Pollen Grains
In seed plants, the delivery of pollen, by wind or animals, from the male parts of a plant to the stigma of a carpel on the female.
Pollination
Member of a Ascomycete characterized by saclike structures called asci that produce spores in sexual reproduction.
Sac Fungus
A plant embryo packaged with a food supply within a protective covering.
Seed
A tough outer covering of a seed, formed from the outer section (integuments) of an ovule. In a flowering plant, this structure encloses and protects the embryo and endosperm.
Seed Coat
The informal collective name for lycophytes (club mosses and their relatives) and pterophytes (ferns and their relatives).
Seedless Vascular Plants
A modified leaf of a flowering plant. A whorl of sepals encloses and protects the flower bud before it opens.
Sepal
A structure in fungi and plants in which meiosis occurs and haploid spores develop.
Sporangium
In plants and algae, a haploid cell that can develop into a multicellular individual without fusing with another cell. (2) In prokaryotes, protists, and fungi, any of a variety of thick-walled life cycle stages capable of surviving unfavorable environmental conditions.
Spore
The multicellular diploid form in the life cycle of organisms undergoing alternation of generations; results from a union of gametes and meiotically produces haploid spores that grow into the gametophyte generation.
Sporophyte
A pollen-producing male reproductive part of a flower, consisting of a filament and an anther.
Stamen
A plant with xylem and phloem, including club mosses, ferns, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, vascular tissue Plant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body.
Vascular Plant
A system formed by xylem and phloem throughout the plant, serving as a transport system for water and nutrients, respectively.
Vascular Tissue System
The nonliving portion of a plant’s vascular system that provides support and conveys this substance (sap) from the roots to the rest of the plant. It is made up of vessel elements and/or tracheids, water-conducting cells.
Xylem
A single-celled fungus that inhabits liquid or moist habitats and reproduces asexually by simple cell division or by the pinching of small buds off a parent cell.
Yeast
Member of a group of fungi characterized by a sturdy structure called a zygosporangium during sexual reproduction.
Zygomycete
