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Psychology 101 > Chapter 4: Neuroscience > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Neuroscience Flashcards

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1
Q

electroencephalogram

A

provide summary of brain activity over long period

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2
Q

Dopamine

A

affects reward system, cocaine blocks reuptake of dopamine, Parkinson’s have low dopamine (use Ldopa)

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3
Q

split-brain

A

cut corpus callous, Roger sperry did for to relieve severe epilepsy for his patients

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4
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

regular function

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5
Q

corpus callosum

A

bundle of axons connecting 2 hemispheres

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6
Q

Reticular formation

A

deals w/ sleep, major source of serotonin

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7
Q

serotonin

A

positive mood/sleep/appetite, prozac blocks reuptake = affect mood

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8
Q

relative refractory period

A

axon can fire but threshold higher

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9
Q

prefrontal lobe

A

short-term memory, moral reasoning, mood regulation

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10
Q

nucleus accumbens

A

reward learning

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11
Q

parietal lobe

A

somatosensory strip, where pathway

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12
Q

ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)

A

death of motor neurons in spinal cord

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13
Q

endorphins

A

lessons perceptions of pain/heroin accepted by endorphin recpetors

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14
Q

action potential

A

sudden positive change in axon used to move excitatory charge, threshold

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15
Q

frontal lobe

A

planning/movement, Broca’s area for speaking, pre-frontal lobe

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16
Q

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA)

A

primary inhibitor neurotransmitter, reduces anxiety, valium/xanax increase flow

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17
Q

glia

A

600 billion, membrane covering/supporting

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18
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

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19
Q

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

A

detects changes of blood that show change in activity due to need of blood

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20
Q

striatum

A

anterior to thalamus, fluid motion with substantia nigra

21
Q

resting potential

A

negative, when at rest

22
Q

pons

A

anterior to medulla, arousal attention

23
Q

occipital lobe

A

visual stimuli= colour, complex motion, patterns

24
Q

synaptogenesis

A

production of new synpases

25
Q

acetylcholine

A

muscle action/learning/memory, Alzheimer’s results in ACH producing neurons depleting

26
Q

parkinson’s disease

A

death of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra

27
Q

somatosensory strip

A

processes tactile info from all parts of body

28
Q

medulla oblongata

A

basic functioning

29
Q

somatic nervous system

A

sensory info + reflexes

30
Q

positron emission tomography (PET) scan

A

detects uptake of certain dye molecules indicating areas of increased activity

31
Q

pituitary gland

A

control endocrine system

32
Q

thalamus

A

anterior to hypothalamus, relay station for sensory info, lateral geniculate nucleus (visual stimuli, medial geniculate nucleus (auditory stimuli)

33
Q

cerebellum

A

motor coordination, learning involving movement, enables balance, motor performance/ memory

34
Q

sympathetic nervous system

A

flight or fight response

35
Q

neurogenesis

A

production of new neurons

36
Q

peripheral nervous system

A

somatic/autonomic nervous system

37
Q

hypothalamus

A

anterior to midbrain, endocrine hormonal system

38
Q

neurons

A

100 billion, several dendrites, one axon

39
Q

hippocampus

A

memory/learning, balance, damage causes inability to form episodic memory, spatial memory

40
Q

midbrain

A

anterior to pons, substantia nigra (dopamine production)

41
Q

Broca’s area for speaking

A

aphasia: inability to speak

42
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

demyelination of axons in neurone = vision loss, pain, muscle weakness

43
Q

Broca’s aphasia

A

ability to speak damaged but other language abilities stay

44
Q

temporal lobe

A

amygdala, hippocampus, wernicke’s area for language comprehension, what pathway

45
Q

absolute refractory period

A

axon unable to fire no matter stimulus strength

46
Q

amydala

A

involved in fear/emotions

47
Q

huntington’s disease

A

death of neurons in striatum

48
Q

wernicke’s area for language comprehension

A

left side, fluent aphasia: inability to process speech, reply in gibberish

Psychology 101 (11 decks)

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