Chapter 4: Male Reproductive Anatomy Flashcards
The penis is made up of what structures? (5)
- glans
- shaft
- foreskin
- corpora cavernosa
- corpus spongiosum
The penis is homologous to what?
-the clitoris
The penis functionally corresponds with what?(3)
L> and why?
- clitoris, urethra and vagina since it involves sexual arousal, excretion of urine and the transfer of gametes.
- foreskin huh?
- loose tubular fold of skin that partially or completely covers the glans
Describe Circumcision of foreskin
- nerve blocker used to reduce pain
- ## usually right after birth but can be done in adult hood ( stitches required and 4 weeks of no sex/masturbation)
Circumcision is prescribed religiously to whom
- Muslims and jews
about ___ of men are circumcised
30%
Superincison?
L> huh?
L> location?
- exposes the top surface of the glans and lest the foreskin droop below them…no tissue is removed
- Polynesian and Philippines
Subincision ?
L> huh
L> location?
- slit along the underside of the penis exposing the urethra and allowing the glans and part of the shaft to flare outward giving the penis a flat appearance
- Australia
The Shaft of the penis contains what three erectile structures?
- two corpora cavernosa : account for the bulk of the erectile capacity of the penis side by side
- single corpus spongiosum : midline near the undersurface of the penis
- tough layer of connective tissue surrounds the corpora cavernosa only….= tunica albuginea
What extends from the shaft of the penis and balloons in the glans?
corpus spongiosum
L> fills entire glans
The corpus spongiosum and cavernosa both extend where?
- back into the body under the pubic symphysis forming the root of the penis
Penile bulb?
-the corpus spongiosum expands into a rounded mass of erectile tissue called this……
Crura?
- corpus cavernosa diverge forming these….
Ischiocavernousus and Bulbospongiosus muscles?
- much larger in males
- assist in erection and ejaculation.
Bulbospongiosus muscles an integral part of what?
- external anal sphincter which contracts rhythmically during ejaculation
Urethral meatus?
- opening of the urethra
Corona?
the rim of the glans
Frenulum?
- strip of loose skin running btwn the glans and shaft
What two regions of the penis are the most erotically stimulating?
- corona and frenulum
Describe the following issues with the penis?
- Balanitis
- Phimosis
- Paraphimosis
- Peyronie’s disease
- inflammation of the glans via poor hygiene …common in uncirc
- inability to retract foreskin far enough to expose the glans
- entrapment of a retracted foreskin behind the corona of the glans….via forced retraction usually of phimosis foreskin. EMERG can cause necrosis of the glans
- unnatural curvature of the erect penis…via scar formation in the capsule of the corpora cavernosa possibly as a late consequence of trauma.
L> can cause pain during and prevent sex (surg)
What is koro?
- fear of penile retraction…..common in Asia
L> prevention? attaching clamps and string to the penis to prevent its complete disappearance.
Is penile cancer common?
NO
predisposed to penile cancer via ?
- infection with certain types of HPV
Scrotum?
loose bag of skin that hangs below the penis and contains the two testicles.
Why does the scrotum possess numerous sweat glands?
to help regulate temperature
Dartos muscles?
lies under the skin of the scrotum..constriction causes thickening and wrinkling of the skin in response to cold…brings testicles closer to the body…warming them..better insulation.
Testes?
- two glands that produce sperm and secrete sex steroids
Epididymis?
- a tube that carries sperm btwn testes and vas deferns
Vas deferns?
- duct that convey sperm from the epidiymes to the ejaculatory duct
L> storage of mature sperm as well
Seminiferous tubules?
- internal structure of the testes…site of spermatogenesis within the testes
Leydig cells?
testicular cells that secrete certain hormones..found btwn seminiferous tubules
L> mainly testosterone