Chapter 16: Sexual Disorders Flashcards
Sexual Desire Disorders:
- These can be broken up into what two categories?
- Lack of sexual desire
2. Sexual aversion disorder
Sexual Desire Disorders:
1. Lack of sexual desire?
L> whats it correlated with
L> factors?
- correlated with a lack of sexual fantasies
- as with most of the disorders, both biological and psychological factors can play a role.
Sexual Desire Disorders:
2. Sexual aversion disorder ?
L> who are they mostly seen in? (2)
- men with a history of erectile problems
- men/women with a history of sexual trauma
Sexual Arousal disorders are divided up into what two disorders, what are they?
- Male erectile disorder
2. Female Sexual Arousal Disorder
Sexual Arousal Disorders:
1. Male Erectile Disorder ? ( five points to know for causes )
- can be situational or generalized
- can be lifelong or acquired
- age related
- performance anxiety related
- other psychological factors
Sexual Arousal Disorders:
2. Female Sexual Arousal Disorder? ( two main points to know for causes)
- lifelong or situational
2. psychological causes more common than biological; e.g.. anger or resentment towards the partner!
What are the four orgasmic disorders?
- Male orgasmic disorder
- Female orgasmic disorder
- Premature ejaculation
- Rapid female orgasm
Orgasmic Disorders:
1. Male orgasmic disorder? (3 points to know)
L> situation it is usually limited to?
L> frequency ?
L> what combination of two things = a normal factor in the development of this ?
- in most cases, limited to coitus
- among the least frequently diagnosed disorders
- strict religious upbringing + guilt about sex is often a factor
Orgasmic Disorders:
2. Female orgasmic disorder (2)
L> more often occurs during ?
L> can result from what?
- more often during coitus
- can result from spectating
L> not just seen in women!
L> it’s when you are focusing more so on if you’re doing it right than enjoying the moment.
Orgasmic Disorders:
3. Premature ejaculation
L> this is the most common sexual problem in whom?
L> what does it mean to be premature?
- most common sexual problem in males
- what is premature?
- lack of voluntary control (kaplan)
Orgasmic Disorders:
4. Rapid female orgasm
L> how common is this?
L> Is this a DSM-IV category?
- very rare
2. not a DSM-IV category
What are the three categories for sexual pain disorders?
- Dyspareunia in females
- Dyspareunia in males
- Vaginismus
Sexual Pain Disorders:
1. Dyspareunia in females
( 3 likely causes…also which is the most common)
- most commonly from inadequate lubrication
- from vaginal infections or STD’s
- allergic rxns to spermicides
Sexual Pain Disorders:
2. Dyspareunia in males
L> common?
L> often associated with what?
- less common than in females
2. often associated with genital infections
Sexual Pain Disorders:
3. Vaginismus
L> characterized by what?
L> commonly caused by a psychological or physical fear? (describe the answer you choose…aka why)
- characterized by involuntary contractions of the pelvic muscles that surround the outer third of the vagina
- Caused by a psychological fear of penetration rather than by a physical injury or defect.
What are the two general categories for the origins of sexual dysfunctions?
- Organic
2. Psychosocial causes
Origins of Sexual dysfunctions:
1. Organic
L> what are the five organic origins?
- fatigue
- infections
- vascular or nerve disorders
- disease
- alcohol and other drugs.
Origins of Sexual dysfunctions:
2. Psychosocial causes
L> what are the eight psychosocial origins?
- cultural influences
- psychosexual trauma
- sexual orientation
- ineffective sexual techniques
- emotional factors
a) depression
b) emotional stress - problems in the relationship
- irrational beliefs
- performance anxiety
What are the four areas of therapies for sexual disorders?
- Behavioural Therapy
- Couples Therapy
- Specific treatments for specific problems
- Biomedical therapies
Therapies for sexual disorders:
1.Behavioural Therapy - Masters & Johnson
- this therapy considers what sexual disorders as what?
L> whats the mind set that follows this consideration?
- considers sexual disorders as learned behaviours rather than symptoms of psychiatric illness.
L> if sexual disorders are the result of learning then they can be unlearned.
Therapies for sexual disorders:
1.Behavioural Therapy - Masters & Johnson
- What is one of its basic aims?
L> how is this done?
- to eliminate goal orientated sexual performance
L> Eliminate spectatoring
L> use sensate-focus exercises to train people to concentrate only on their sexual experience.
Therapies for sexual disorders:
2.Couples therapy?
- see text LOL.
Therapies for sexual disorders:
3. Specific treatments for specific problems?
L> what are the four discussed in lecture?
- stop-start technique
- masturbation
- kegel exercises
- bibliotherapy
Therapies for sexual disorders:
4. What are the four biomedical therapies discussed in lecture?
- drug treatments (e.g. sildenafil)
- intracavernosal injections of vasodilators
- suction devices
- surgery (implants)
Critiques of Sex Therapy?
1. Masters and Johnaon critiques?(5)
- exaggerated “success” rates
- did not define success
- did not clearly identify their client population
- properly understand relapse rates
- were misleading about the duration of their therapy
Critiques of Sex Therapy?
2. Sex therapies in general?? (2)`
- have not been compared to determine relative success rates
- have not been studied to determine what aspects of a specific therapy are beneficial
Positive outcomes of sex therapy for:
- Primary Orgasmic Dysfunction
- Vaginismus
- Premature Ejaculation
- What three disorders have been proven difficult to treat?
- can be successfully treated with directed masturbation and sensate focus exercises
- can be treated with progressive vaginal dilators
- biomedical treatments are successful
- sexual desire disorders, dyspareunia, and delayed orgasm in males
What are five ways for one to avoid sexual disorders?
- communicate with your partner
- Don’t be a spectator
- Don’t set up goals for sexual performance
- be choosy about the situations in which you have sex
- “Failures” will occur. but don’t let this get to you.
