Chapter 4 Final Flashcards
Every day when Isabelle returns home from work, her son gives her a big hug as soon as she walks through the front door. Now, the sight of the front door makes Isabelle feel happy. In this example, the conditioned stimulus is:
- Isabelle’s son.
- the front door.
- a big hug.
- Isabelle.
The front door.
In eyeblink conditioning the puff of air is the:
- CS.
- US.
- CR.
- UR.
US.
Suppose a child acquired a fear of the doctor’s office because the office came to be associated with getting shots. To remove this fear, the child’s parents decide to bring the child to the doctor’s office several times each week without the child getting a shot. What technique are the parents using to eliminate the child’s fear?
- extinction
- blocking
- trace conditioning
- latent inhibition
Extinction
Because Carrie’s friend Emily often brings home-baked goodies when she visits, Carrie feels her mouth water at the sight of Emily. For one week Emily, brought her cousin Michelle with her whenever she visited Carrie. A few weeks later, Carrie bumped into Michelle at the store. In this scenario, blocking would be demonstrated if Carrie:
- no longer feels her mouth water when she sees Emily.
- still feels her mouth water when she sees Emily.
- does not feel her mouth water when she sees Michelle at the store.
- feels her mouth water when she sees Michelle at the store.
Does not feel her mouth water when she sees Michelle at the store.
If a US occurs just as often without the tone as it does in the presence of the tone, then little or no conditioning will accrue to the tone. This would suggest that animals are sensitive to _____ of the potential CS and US.
- causality
- contingency
- cue-outcome
- frequency
Contingency
In trace conditioning, the:
- CS begins before the US and ends before the onset of the US.
- US begins before the CS and ends before the onset of the CS.
- CS begins before the US and stays on until the US has occurred.
- US begins before the CS and stays on until the CS has occurred.
CS begins before the US and ends before the onset of the US.
The US first activates which brain area?
- inferior olive
- pontine nuclei
- cerebellar cortex
- interpositus nucleus
Inferior olive
Recordings of activity in the _____ during eyeblink conditioning in rabbits show activity that occurs _____ the response is made.
- cerebellar cortex; a few milliseconds before
- cerebellar cortex; at the same time as
- interpositus nucleus; a few milliseconds before
- interpositus nucleus; at the same time as
Interpositus nucleus; a few milliseconds before
Removing the interpositus nucleus results in:
- small, poorly timed conditioned responses.
- complete loss of conditioned responses.
- small, poorly timed unconditioned responses.
- complete loss of unconditioned responses.
Complete loss of conditioned responses.
The hippocampus:
- must be intact for normal eyeblink conditioning to occur.
- is especially active during the early phases of classical conditioning.
- is important in mediating response timing.
- computes the degree to which the US is unexpected.
Is especially active during the early phases of classical conditioning.
The mechanisms for classical conditioning in Aplysia involve _____ changes in the neural circuits that connect the _____.
- presynaptic; CS and UR
- postsynaptic; CS and UR
- presynaptic and postsynaptic; CS and UR
- presynaptic and postsynaptic; CS and CR
Presynaptic and postsynaptic; CS and CR
It has been suggested that drug addicts should use small amounts of their drug during therapy to extinguish their habit. This is because:
- the addict will experience less withdrawal.
- drug use is part of the context.
- drug use has become a US.
- the addict will experience fewer cravings.
Drug use is part of the context.
