Chapter 4 - Athabasca Quiz Flashcards
According to the discussion of working memory, the phonological loop
Question options:
is useful when you learn a foreign language.
primarily activates the right hemisphere of the brain.
primarily receives information from the episodic buffer.
has a large capacity when you are learning new vocabulary words.
is useful when you learn a foreign language.
Chapter 4 discussed research on the recency effect. How is this research related to short-term memory?
Question options:
The final words in a list are recalled accurately because they are still in short-term memory.
There is a clear-cut difference between pattern perception and short-term memory.
The material can pass directly into long-term memory, without first entering short-term memory.
The recency effect showed that the capacity of short-term memory is extremely large.
The final words in a list are recalled accurately because they are still in short-term memory.
What evidence suggested to Alan Baddeley that working memory has several components?
Question options:
the research on release from proactive interference
complex computer simulations
modeling using the parallel distributed processing approach
research showing that people can rehearse words and make spatial judgments at the same time
research showing that people can rehearse words and make spatial judgments at the same time
According to the Baddeley’s revised model of working memory, one major purpose of the episodic buffer is to
Question options:
store musical information (such as pitch and tones) for brief periods of time.
manage the decisions that are too complicated for the central executive.
coordinate the meaning and the visual appearance of written text.
provide temporary storage for information from long-term memory, the phonological loop, and the visuospatial sketchpad.
provide temporary storage for information from long-term memory, the phonological loop, and the visuospatial sketchpad.
People with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder often have problems because they are impulsive and inattentive. The component of working memory that is most likely to be relevant in these problems is
Question options:
the episodic buffer.
the central executive.
the visuospatial sketchpad.
the phonological loop.
the central executive.
One of the most widely cited articles in psychology is George Miller’s (1956) article on the size of short-term memory. According to your text, Miller used the term _____ to describe the capacity of short-term memory.
Question options:
buffer
rehearsal
chunk
bit
chunk
Neuroscientists who have examined the visuospatial sketchpad have discovered that
Question options:
visual tasks typically activate the right hemisphere, whereas spatial tasks typically activate the left hemisphere.
visual and spatial tasks typically activate the right hemisphere of the brain.
visual and spatial tasks are apparently converted into a verbal code because they primarily activate the left hemisphere of the brain.
there is no clear correspondence between visuospatial tasks and the patterns of brain activation.
visual and spatial tasks typically activate the right hemisphere of the brain
Suppose that you are having trouble recalling the information for a question about Baddeley’s theory because the information about Atkinson and Shiffrin’s theory (which you learned earlier) keeps interfering. This phenomenon is called
Question options:
proactive interference.
the recency effect.
the primacy effect.
chunking.
proactive interference.
According to Atkinson and Shiffrin’s classic theory,
Question options:
short-term memory and long-term memory are distinctly different.
items stored in short-term memory are fairly permanent.
rehearsal is necessary in order to move material from sensory memory to short-term memory.
there are no strict limits to the capacity of short-term memory.
short-term memory and long-term memory are distinctly different.
According to Chapter 4, working memory is especially important because
Question options:
it provides a perfect copy of the physical stimulus, for example, a visual image that accurately represents the words on a page.
it demonstrates that there is a clear-cut limit to the number of items we can store for a short time.
it is the first process that occurs after the stimulus has entered long-term memory.
it keeps some items active, so that we can use these items when we are working on a relevant task.
it keeps some items active, so that we can use these items when we are working on a relevant task.
