Chapter 2 - Athabasca Quizz Flashcards
Many researchers argue that face perception is “special”; we process faces in a different way than we process other visual stimuli. According to this perspective,
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we process the colour of human faces before we process their shape.
unlike other objects, information about faces does not pass through the primary visual cortex.
we recognize faces in terms of their entire shape, rather than in terms of their isolated features.
because faces are so complex, we take a long time to recognize that an object is a face; in contrast, we recognize simpler objects much more quickly.
we recognize faces in terms of their entire shape, rather than in terms of their isolated features.
The template model of object recognition would have the most difficulty explaining
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how people recognize letters of the alphabet if you turned the letters upside-down.
how computers recognize a standardized set of numbers.
how people can recognize an isolated letter, without any word context.
how people recognize neatly printed numbers.
how people recognize letters of the alphabet if you turned the letters upside-down.
The recognition-by-components theory argues that we recognize an object by
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analyzing the arrangement of simple 3-dimensional shapes that form the object.
comparing each object to the idealized version of that object, as stored in long-term memory.
registering each major line, curve, and angle of an object.
perceiving the overall form of an object as one complete shape or gestalt.
analyzing the arrangement of simple 3-dimensional shapes that form the object.
Chapter 2 discussed individual differences in the ability to recognize another person’s facial expressions. This research showed that individuals with schizophrenia are more likely than people in a control group
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to respond slowly.
to make errors in identifying the facial expression.
to use holistic processing.
to use a template that processes facial expression.
to respond slowly.
The “general mechanism approach” to speech perception argues that
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we first obtain a general idea about a spoken message, and then we fill in the specific details.
we use similar processes for both speech perception and other auditory perception tasks.
learning does not play a major role in speech perception.
children are born with a general understanding about speech, and they fill in specific information as they grow older.
we use similar processes for both speech perception and other auditory perception tasks.
Which of the following statements about object recognition is correct?
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Visual information is first processed in the primary visual cortex, but it is eventually stored in the retina.
In general, we need at least one second to recognize an object.
The primary visual cortex is responsible for identifying complex objects; in contrast, other portions of the brain identify lines and simple shapes.
Regions of the cortex beyond the primary visual cortex are active when we identify complex objects.
Regions of the cortex beyond the primary visual cortex are active when we identify complex objects.
The “o” sound in the word “dog” influences the position of your mouth when you pronounce the remainder of the word. This phenomenon is called
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the McGurk effect.
categorical perception.
phonemic restoration.
coarticulation.
coarticulation.
The research on speech perception demonstrates that
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each phoneme has a unique but consistent pronunciation.
context can be used to identify a missing vowel, but not a missing consonant.
people use visual cues from the speaker’s mouth in order to perceive an ambiguous sound.
listeners typically perceive a solid stream of language, without any breaks in the stream.
people use visual cues from the speaker’s mouth in order to perceive an ambiguous sound.
According to the word superiority effect,
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we have trouble noticing when one of the letters in a word disappears from the stimulus.
we can recognize a letter faster and more accurately when it is part of a word, rather than when this letter appears by itself.
we can recognize an unfamiliar word more quickly than an isolated letter of the alphabet.
bottom-up processing is more helpful than top-down processing.
we can recognize a letter faster and more accurately when it is part of a word, rather than when this letter appears by itself.
According to the introductory discussion about perceptual processes,
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humans have relatively primitive perceptual processes compared to models created by artificial intelligence.
although perception appears to be straightforward, it actually requires more cognitive effort than tasks such as problem solving.
unlike other cognitive tasks, perception requires only bottom-up processing.
perception requires both information from the stimulus and knowledge about previous perceptual experiences.
perception requires both information from the stimulus and knowledge about previous perceptual experiences.
