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Sport Psychology > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

Define stress response

A

Physiological cognitive affective and behavioural reactions when we are faced with heavy demands

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2
Q

Define stress

A

An experience produced through a person situation relationship that is perceived as taxing or exceeding the persons resources

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3
Q

Define stressors

A

External events forces and situations that have the potential to be interpreted as stressful

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4
Q

The relationship between stress and emotion

A

They are similar

We can learn more about what an individual is experiencing what a situation means to an individual and how the individual is likely to respond by looking at the specific emotion that is experienced

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5
Q

What are the 15 core emotions in the cognitive motivational relational theory

A

Anger anxiety fright guilt shame sadness envy jealousy happiness pride relief hope love gratitude and compassion

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6
Q

What are the two components of the appraisal process

A

Primary and secondary

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7
Q

Define the primary appraisal

A

An evaluation of what is at stake for a person in a situation

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8
Q

Define secondary appraisal

A

An evaluation of what can be done in the situation which depends on an individuals available resources level of perceived control and expectations regarding what is likely to occur in the future

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9
Q

What are the three appraisals that can result from the primary and secondary appraisals

A

Harm/loss appraisal

Threat appraisal

Challenge appraisal

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10
Q

Define harm/loss appraisal

A

An evaluation of a situation in which psychological damage has already been done and the loss is irrevocable

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11
Q

Define the threat appraisal

A

An appraisal of a situation where an individual anticipates harm might occur or is likely to occur

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12
Q

Define challenge appraisal

A

An appraisal that although there are obstacles in the way they can be overcome

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13
Q

What are three distinction types of stressors in sport contexts

A

Chronic stressors and acute stressors

Expected and unexpected stressors

Competitive and non competitive stressors

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14
Q

Define chronic stressors

A

Stressors that occur over a long period of time

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15
Q

Define acute stressors

A

Stressors that occur within a short period of time and their onset is much more sudden

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16
Q

Define expected stressors

A

Stressors that an athlete plans or prepared for

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17
Q

Define unexpected stressors

A

Stressors that are not anticipated and cannot be prepared for

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18
Q

Define competitive stressors

A

Stressors that are experienced prior to during or immediately after competition

19
Q

Define non competitive stressors

A

Stressors that are related to sport but are not directly part of an actual competitive performance

20
Q

Define organizational stressors

A

Environmental demands associated primarily and directly with the organization within which an individual is operating

21
Q

What are five categories of organizational stressors

A

Factors intrinsic

Roles in the sport organization

Sport relationships and interpersonal demands

Athletic career and performance development issues

The organizational structure and climate of the sport

22
Q

Define coping

A

Cognitive and behavioural efforts to manage specific external or internal demands that appraised as taxing or exceeding the resources of the person

23
Q

Define management skills

A

Behaviours that are routine but that still help the individual to avoid problems and help prevent stress from happening in the first place

24
Q

Define the micro analytic approach to coping

A

Involves organizing the specific coping strategies that people engage in to cope with stress

Provides a rich description of the diversified coping repertoire of athletes and exercisers

25
Q

Define the macro-analytic approach to coping

A

Considers the goals or functions of the strategies used by the athletes or exercisers

26
Q

Define problem focused coping

A

Coping efforts that help people change the actual situation

27
Q

Define emotion focused coping

A

Coping efforts to change the way a situation is attended to or interpreted to deal with the emotions that arise during the situation.

28
Q

Define avoidance coping

A

Coping efforts in which athletes attempt to remove themselves from the stressful situation

29
Q

Define task oriented coping

A

Coping strategies aimed at dealing directly with the source of stress and it’s resulting thoughts and emotions

30
Q

Disengagement orientated coping

A

Coping strategies to disengage from the process of trying to make progress on a personal goal

31
Q

Define distraction orientated coping

A

Coping strategies to focus on internal and external stimuli that are unrelated to the stressful situation

32
Q

Define emotion regulation

A

The processes by which individuals influence which emotions they have when they have them and how they experience and express these emotions

33
Q

A process model of emotion regulation has five types of emotion regulation strategies what are they

A

Situation selection

Situation modification

Attentional deployment

Cognitive change

Response modulation

34
Q

Define situation selection.

A

An individual takes actions to increase the likelihood of being in situations that will promote emotions she would like to experience

35
Q

Define situation modification

A

To which an individual tries to influence the situation directly

36
Q

Define attentional deployment

A

To which an individual regulates his emotions by directing his attention toward a situation

37
Q

Define cognitive change

A

Which involves changing the emotional significance of the event by changing how one thinks about the event

38
Q

Define response modulation

A

Refers to an individuals physiological experiential or behavioural responses to try to regulate emotions

39
Q

Define coping effectiveness

A

A decision about whether or not a coping strategy helped to deal with the problem and or deal with any distress associated with the problem

40
Q

Define good news coping

A

Coping attempts that are organized flexible and constructive

41
Q

Define bad news coping

A

Coping attempts that are rigid disorganized and destructive

42
Q

What are the outcomes of coping

A

Achievement outcomes

Emotional outcomes

Physical outcomes

43
Q

What are the factors influencing coping

A

Gender

Culture

Individual factors

Social environmental factors

44
Q

Define self compassion

A

The desire to be moved by ones own suffering as well as a desire to alleviate that suffering. It involves three components

Self kindness

Common humanity

Mindfulness

Sport Psychology (12 decks)

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