Chapter 4 Flashcards
Study of how energy is transferred into usable forms in the human body through different chemical reactions
Bioenergetics
Process of which nutrients are acquired, transported, used, and disposed of by the body.
Metabolism
What are the 3 substrates
Carbs, proteins, fats
What happens to Carbs once ingested
Broken down into Glucose and enters our cells. They are then stored as glycogen in the liver and muscle cells however, there is a limited ability to store carbs
Chemical form of fat found in the body
triglycerides
When is fat used for energy
prolonged periods of exercise (marathon), low intensity, and rest
What substrate does not provide energy during exercise
Protein
The only time protein would be used as energy would be
Starvation. Gluconeogenesis- protein converts to glucose
Name the two anaerobic energy systems
ATP-PC and Glycosis
When would you use the ATP-PC system
High intensity short duration exercise such as a sprint
How long does ATP-PC last
10-15 seconds
What is the first system used at onset of all exercises
ATP-PC
How long does Glycolysis last, when would we use it
30-50 second; most fitness workouts in the 08-12 reps(phase 2)
What is the Aerobic Energy system and its components
OXIDATIVE SYSTEM
Aerobic glycolysis
Krebs
ETC
When is the Oxidative system used?
Transitioning to sustained exercise, rest. Produced energy for indefinite periods of time. (marathon)
What is the Oxidative systems main source of fuel?
Fat
State of increased metabolism after performing anaerobic exercise
EPOC (Excessive postexercise oxygen consumption)
How is anaerobic debt repaid in regards to EPOC
Anaerobic exercise is repaid by increasing o2 use after exercise. More calories are used many hours after we work ou
Explain the myth of the fat burning zone
Myth: burn more fat at lower intensity
This is not true. Sleep uses fat but doesn’t burn many calories at all. A higher intensity burns more caloies. The % from fat is less but the total amount of fat used is greater. More calories burned= more fat lost.
Examination of bioenergetics as it relates to the unique physiologic changes and demands placed on the body during exercise
Exercise metabolism
Material or substance on which enzymes act
Substrates
Rq in which fat is 100%
.7
RQ in which carbs are 100%
1.0
Energy storage and transfer unit within the cells of the body
Adenosine Triphosphate
High energy compound occuring in all cells from which atp is formed
Adensosine Diphosphate
The state in which the body’s metabolism is elevated after exercise
Excess post exercise oxygen consumption
