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NASM > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What systems make up the Human Movement System

A

Nervous, Muscular, and Skeletal

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2
Q

What system is known as the communication system of the body?

A

Nervous system- where all movement begins

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3
Q

What are the 2 subsystems of the nervous system

A

CNS and PNS

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4
Q

What does the CNS consist of

A

Brain and Spinal cord

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5
Q

Which of the nervous systems subsystems is the primary decision maker

A

CNS

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6
Q

What does the PNS consist of

A

Nerves from the CNS to the entire body

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7
Q

What does the PNS do

A

Send messages to CNS. Carries out actions from the CNS to the effector sites.

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8
Q

What are the 3 types of neurons

A

Sensory (afferent),interneurons, motor (efferent) neurons

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9
Q

Which neurons transmit nerve impulses form effector sites to the brain and spinal cord. These send info from the environment up to the brain

A

Sensory neurons

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10
Q

What do interneurons do?

A

Transmit nerve impulses from one neuron to another.

Transmits messages from sensory neurons to the motor neurons

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11
Q

Which neurons transmit nerve impulses form the brain and spinal cord to effector sites. Sends messages from the brain to the body

A

Motor (efferent) neurons

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12
Q

Name the 3 types of mechanoreceptors

A

Golgi Tendon organs
Muscle spindles
Joint receptors

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13
Q

Which receptor is responsible for sensing tension in muscles and connective tissue and forces muscle to relax

A

Golgi tendon Organ

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14
Q

Which receptor is responsible for sensing length in the muscle and forces the muscle to contract when stimulated?

A

Muscle spindles

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15
Q

Which receptor is responsible for sensing motion, acceleration, and deceleration in the joints. It protects the joints from a compromising situation

A

Joint receptors

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16
Q

Which system is compromised of muscles that work to move and stabilize the body

A

Muscular system

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17
Q

The muscular system is comprised of skeletal muscle tissue whose main function is what

A

contract on bone to create movement on joints

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18
Q

Primary mover of the joint (usually larger muscle)

A

Agonist

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19
Q

Opposing muscle of the prime mover. Decelerates the movement the agonist is producing

A

Antagonist

20
Q

Lends assistance to the prime mover. Will start to take over for a weak prime mover

A

Synergist

21
Q

Stabilizes the body and prevents unwanted movements

A

Stabilizers

22
Q 
During a chest press, name the following:
Agonist:
Antagonist:
Synergist:
Stabilizer:
A

Agonist: Pectoralis major
Antagonist: Posterior deltoid
Synergist:Anterior deltoid and triceps
Stabilizer:Rotator cuff

23
Q 
During an overhead press name the following:
Agonist
Antagonist
Synergist
Stabilizer
A

Agonist: Deltoid
antagonist: Latissimus dorsi
Synergist:Triceps
Stabilizer: Rotator cuff

24
Q

During a squat, name the Agonist, Antagonist, Synergist, and Stabilizer

A

Agonist: Glutes
Antagonists: Psoas
Synergist: Hamstrings
Stabilizers: Transverse Abs

25
Q

During a row, name the Agonist, antagonist, synergist, and stabilizer muscles

A

Agonist: Lat dorsi
Antagonist: Pectoralis major
Synergist:Posterior deltoid and biceps
Stabilizer: Rotator cuff

26
Q

Which system is responsible for support, protection, and allowing movement to occur

A

Skeletal system

27
Q

What are the two functions of the skeletal system

A

LEVERAGE for our muscles

SUPPORT that directly affects our posture

28
Q

Joint motion

A

arthokinematics

29
Q

Rolling bone ex

A

Squat. Femoral condyles roll over tibial condyles

30
Q

Spin bone ex

A

Head of radius; end of humerus; during pronation and supination

31
Q

Sliding bone ex

A

tibial slide across femoral in knee extn

32
Q

Cumulative sensory input to the CNS from all mechnoreceptors that sense limb movement and body position

A

Proprioception

33
Q

A layer of connective tissue that is underneath the fascia and surrounds the muscle

A

Epimysium

34
Q

Deepest layer of connective tissue that surrounds individual muscle fibers

A

endomysium

35
Q

Connective tissue that surrounds fasicles

A

Perimysium

36
Q

Whats the first step in initiating a contraction

A

ACH is released

37
Q 
slow twitch
more capillaries
smaller in size
increased O2 
produces less force 
Longterm contractions (stabilization)
slow to fatigue
A

Type 1

38
Q 
Fewer capillaries
larger in size 
decreased o2 
produces greater force 
short term contractions (force and power)
quick to fatigue
fast twitch
A

Type 2

39
Q

Support mechanisms of blood explain

A

Transportation - transports 02, nutrients to tissues, transports hormones to organs and heat to body
Regulation- body temp and acids
Protection- clotting and infection

40
Q

Ability of the nervous system to sense changes in either the internal or external enviroment

A

Sensory function

41
Q

Neuromuscular response to sensory info

A

Motor function

42
Q

Ability of the nervous system to analyse and interpret sensory info to allow for proper decision making which produces the appropriate response

A

Intergrative function

43
Q

Functional unit of muscle that produces muscular contraction consists of repeating sections of actin and myosin

A

Sarcomere

44
Q

A motor neuron and all its muscle fibers in innervates

A

Motor unit

45
Q

Explain what happens to insulin when you exercise

Explain r/s with glucagon

A

Insulin regulates glucose metabolism by lowering glucose, what isnt used gets stored. Glucagon is a hormone that releases stored gylocgen and converts back to glucose to be used. Exercise decreases insulin , but increase glucagon secretion, therefore maintaining steady levels of blood glucose.

46
Q

Effects of Catecholamines

A

Increase HR, SV, blood glucose. redistrubtes blood to working tissues and opens up airways

NASM (19 decks)

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