Chapter 4

Question 1

what is the issues with criminological data concerning racialized people (not including Indigenous people)?

Answer 1

there is no definitive data on them and any criminological analyses that mentions Black women solely focus on how they are offenders

Question 2

what is misogynoir?

Answer 2

Bailey and Trudy, it is the intersection of misogyny and anti-Black racism and how that affects Black women, and it also is the villinization of Black women

Question 3

History of slavery in Canada?

Answer 3

happened 1628-1833, socially shaping force, first slaves into Nova Scotia, at least 6 out of 16 members of the first parliament of upper Canada had slaves, Indigenous people were used to capture slaves, sexual division of labour and control over Black women’s bodies, sexual assault of slave women by white men

Question 4

What struggles did Black women face in terms of citizenship and birth rights?

Answer 4

they were denied legal acquisition for both and they were not considered citizens. lack of access to employment and child welfare.

Question 5

what narratives erase the systemic inequalities in Canada?

Answer 5

multiculturalism

Question 6

what were some stereotypes that Black enslaved women faced?

Answer 6

jezebels, mammies, mules, chattel. sexual exploitation labelled black women as hypersexual and sexually available

Question 7

what was not seen as a crime to do to enslaved women?

Answer 7

rape

Question 8

what are factors contributing to disproportionate incarceration rates for Black and racialized women?

Answer 8

poverty, violence against women, poor mental health

Question 9

who is Kimerle Crenshaw?

Answer 9

an American civil rights advocate who has done a lot of work on intersectionality

Question 10

What is Critical Race Theory in our context?

Answer 10

examine racial phenomenon as connected to critical legal studies, racism as a key factor in jurisprudence procedural practices

Question 11

what is critical race feminism?

Answer 11

anti-racist feminist decolinizing methodology that wants to fight the stereotypes that black and racialized women are often presented as unstable, bad, sexually deviant, undervalued and different from their non-criminalized societal counterparts

Question 12

what is damage centred research?

Answer 12

research only from a point of the history of pain and suffering

Question 13

what are public impressions of black women?

Answer 13

welfare mothers, oversexed parasites, they create black women as a social problem

Question 14

what is Black Canadian feminist criminology?

Answer 14

centres Black feminist approaches to contextualizing the intersections of critical race theory, critical race feminism and black feminist thought as conceptualized in the legal system

Question 15

what is the goal of Black Canadian Feminist Criminology?

Answer 15

to decenter whiteness and examine how black women’s experience with CJS is connected to:
- slavery
- citizenship
- domestic labour
- employment

Question 16

what is Anti-Black racism?

Answer 16

racial profiling, over-policing, removal of children, immigration detention, disproportionate mass incarceration

Question 17

what is Shadow Carceral State?

Answer 17

expansive punitive state power that enacts punishment procedures such as surveillance, detention, and removal through institutions such as immigration courts, family courts, civil detention courts and schools

Question 18

what percent of Black people make up the total federal prison population, incontrast to what they make up in Canadian population?

Answer 18

9.3% in federal prisons, but only 2.9 percent of Canadian population

Question 19

What percent of Black women are in federal institutions versus what they make up of Canadian population?

Answer 19

9.12% of federal prisons and 3% of Canadian population

Question 20

what are most Black women held in custody for?

Answer 20

schedule II drug offences

Question 21

what is abolition vs. reformation?

Answer 21

reformation is changing the system and abolition is taking apart all systems of incarceration

Question 22

what does abolitionist framework as us to think about?

Answer 22

collective responsibility and how to address social harm without employing incarceration