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Psychology > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

The well-known abbreviation ‘Roy G. Biv’ represents hues from long-wavelength (red) to short-wavelength (violet)

A

Hue varies with wavelength

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2
Q

The outer portion of the eye.

A

Sclera

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3
Q

The transparent bulge at the front of the eye

A

Cornea

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4
Q

The colored ring of the muscle in the eye that controls the size of the pupil

A

Iris

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5
Q

The tiny transparent hole in the center of the eye.

A

Pupil

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6
Q

A process in which the lens of the eye changes shape to adapt to different viewing distances

A

Accommodation

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7
Q

The transformation of one kind of energy into another kind of energy

A

Transduction

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8
Q

The “Projection Screen” of the eye that transforms the light energy received from the outside world into an electrical signal that is passed to the brain

A

Retina

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9
Q

Light sensitive cells in the retina

A

Photoreceptors

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10
Q

A type of photoreceptors that is mostly found in the foveal region of the retina and are responsible for color vision

A

Cones

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11
Q

A more sensitive type of photoreceptors that inhabit mostly periphery of the retina

A

Rods

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12
Q

An area of high-activity vision in the center of the retina that is tightly packed with photoreceptors

A

Fovea

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13
Q

A molecule in the photoreceptor that changes shape when the light collides with it

A

Photopigment

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14
Q

An area in the eye without any photoreceptor because of the optic nerve

A

Blind Spot

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15
Q

The visual processing stream from the retina to the cortex is bottom up,

A

Bottom-Up Processing

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16
Q

Imposing Expectations onto a raw visual image can enable you too see women than a skull

A

Top-Down Processing

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17
Q

People who are color-deficient have one or more photorecetors that are different people with normal color vision

A

Trichromatic Theory

18
Q

the process in which the brain becomes less sensitive to a particular sensory feature after being exposed to it for an extended period of time.

A

Adaption

19
Q

Methods of Grouping disconnected sensory fragments to form a coherent whole

A

Gestalt Grouping Principles

20
Q

when the brain perceives motion in stationary alternating images, such as lights flashing along a Christmas tree.

A

Phi Phenomenon

21
Q

the ability to distinguish nearby objects from the surrounding backgrounds.

A

Figure-ground segregation

22
Q

The tendency of the brain to “fill in” gaps in the retinal image

A

Closure

23
Q

Our brain assumes that edges vary smoothly rather than abruptly

A

Good Continuation

24
Q

Nearby items are grouped together

A

Proximity

25
Q

Similar items are grouped together

A

Similarity

26
Q

The brain’s ability to generate a three dimensional view of the world by comparing two flat retinal images that are different

A

Stereopsis

27
Q

Nearby objects are clearer and distant objects are more blurry

A

Atmospheric Perspective

28
Q

Nearby objects hide distant objects

A

Occlusion

29
Q

Parallel lines appear to coverage as they grow more distance

A

Linear Perspective

30
Q

Number of cycles per second of wave

A

Frequency

31
Q

The height of a wave sound

A

Amplitude

32
Q

sound analog of frequency,
higher pitch=higher frequency

A

Pitch

33
Q

Sound analog of amplitude, higher=louder sound

A

Loudness

34
Q

A measurement that compares the pressure cause by a sound wave to the normal pressures inside the ear.

A

Decibel

35
Q

The cartilaginous portion of the outer ear that collects sound

A

Pinna

36
Q

Conveys sound from the outer ear to the eardrum

A

Ear Canal

37
Q

Changes airborne vibrations into mechanical vibrations

A

Eardrum

38
Q

Tiny bones that amplify eardrums vibrations

A

Ossicles

39
Q

A frequency at which something vibrates most energetically

A

Resonance

40
Q

A flat sheet of tissue in the cochlea that resonates at different frequencies at different ends

A

Basilar Membrane

41
Q

the first major region of the auditory processing in the cortex

A

Primary Auditory Cortex

42
Q

Contains a map of the body

A

Somatosensory Cortex

Psychology (13 decks)

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