Chapter 1 Flashcards
What are the three main characteristics of Psychology
- It is a science
- Psychology studies individual behavior
- Psychology studies the variables that influence behaivor
What is psychology
is the scientific study of behavior individual organisms and how environmental, psychological ,mental, social, and culture events influence these behaviors
The projecting of human experience and abilities onto non-human objects
Anthropomorphization
Five Intending Influences
- Environment 2. Physiology 3. Social Interactions 4. Culture 5.Mental Processes
What is Behaivor
is anything that a dead person can’t do
What is the philosophical ways of thinking about psychology’s goals and the nature of human behavior
Perspectives for Psychology
what is the idea that goals of psychology should be to : reduce experience to its basic elements, connect elements to physiological, discover the laws that govern these elements
Structuralism
What argued that psychology’s goal should be to study how consciousness and experience aid in adjusting to the environment
Functionalism
Aims to understanding the evolutionary pressures that shaped Behavior and the adaptive function of behavior
Evolutionary Pyschology
Human Experience is more than the sum of the component parts - How do you think, How do you perceive
Gestalt
Argued that psychology’s goal should be to study directly observable behavior and to understand how environmental events produce behavior
Behaviorism
A sub field that aims to understand both external and internal behavior
Behavor Analysis
Argued that our psychological experience is the product of conflict between our id-the desire to find physical satisfaction and fulfill biological needs-and the superego the need to meet the demands of society. The ego seeks compromise between the superego and id
Psychodynamic Theory
Believed the goal of psychology to be understanding human strengths, aspirations, conscious experience free will , and potential
Humanistic Psychology
sub field of psychology that aims to understand the strengths, virtues, and values of human behavior
Positive Psychology
How the physical systems produce behavior
Bio Psychology
how the senses collect energy from the environment and then process this sensory information to create a model of the world
Sensation and Perception Psychology
How the individual changes, physically, cognitively, and emotionally over the lifespan
Development Psychology
How behavior changes overtime and across spieces in response to environmental influences
Behavior Analysis
How psychological information is processed , stated and interpreted
Cognitive Psychology
How individuals differ in their mental capacities and abilities
Psychology of Intelligence
How consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving exist withing and across individuals
Personality Psychology
how psychological problems including mental illnesses develop, impact life and are treated
Psychopathology
How the social environment-including individuals and groups- influence the individuals behavior, including how he or she thinks,act and feels
Social Psychology
A sub field of psychology that explores how culture, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender, and disability influence behaviors, and cuts across traditional sub fields, strongly representing the growing integration withing psychology as modern research tools ally psychologists to ask more complicated and comprehensive research questions.
Multicultural / Diversity Studies
Sub field of psychology that examines the applications of psychological principles to work and business- an attempt to improve the efficiency of workers in factories and other technological settings
Industrial/Organizational Psychology
Three main characteristics of Psychology
- Psychology studies individual behaviors
- It is science
- It studies the variables that influence behaviors
The Five Intending Influences
- Environment
- Physiology
3.Social Interaction - Mental Processes
- Cultural
Father of Experimental Psychology, 1874 first psychology textbook, born in Leipzig Germany (1832-1920)
Wundt
Popular british philosopher interested in mental activity. Set the stage for the development of psychology through both his arguments in favor of applying the scientific process to exploration of human behavior. And his application of ideas and concepts from chemistry to psychological exploration
John Stuart Mill
Evolution by natural selection in on the origin of species. Dualism:the idea that humans are a combination of physical and non-physical components
Charles Derwin
Father of American Psychology 1890-the 1st american textbook
William James
Argued that psychological science should rely on observable replicable measurements of behavior and mental events
Wundt
What is Psychology
It is the srudy of individual behavior and how environment, physical, menta, social, and culture events influence these behaviors
the projection of human experience and abilities onto non-human objects
Anthropomorphization
