Chapter 4

Question 1

what is a uniaxial joint

Answer 1

joint that act as hinges rotating only 1 axis (elbow)

Question 2

what is biaxial?

Answer 2

joints that move 2 perpendicular axes such as ankle wrist

Question 3

multiaxial joints?

Answer 3

allow movement about all 3 perpendiculat axes such shoulder and hip (ball-and-socket)

Question 4

vertebrae groups

Answer 4

7 cervical
12 thoracic
5 lumbar
5 sacral
3-5 coccygeal

Question 5

during a straight-leg sit-up the origin (proximal[toward the center of the body]) of the iliacus muscle would be the?

Answer 5

femur because it is immobile

Question 6

during a straight-leg sit-up the insertion( distal:away from the center of the body) of the iliacus muscle would be the ?

Answer 6

pelvis because it is mobile

Question 7

what assist is joint stabilization and in braking the limb toward the end of a fast movement?

Answer 7

antagonist

Question 8

synergist?

Answer 8

assists indirectly in a movement

Question 9

what is a lever?

Answer 9

a rigid or simiriged body that when sujected to a force whose line of action does not pass throught its pivot point exerts force on any object impeding its tendency to rotate

Question 10

fulcrum

Answer 10

the picot point of a lever

Question 11

moment arm

Answer 11

the perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the fulcrum.

Question 12

torque

Answer 12

also called mement, the degree a force tends to ratate an object about a specified fulcrum: magnitude of a force times the length of its moment arm

Question 13

muscle force

Answer 13

force generated by biochemical activity or sthe stretching of noncontractile tissue

Question 14

resistice force

Answer 14

force generated by a source extended to the body (gravity, inertia, friction) it acts contrary to muscle force

Question 15

mechanical advantage

Answer 15

the ratio of the moment arm through which an apllied force acts to that through which a resistive force acts

Question 16

first class lever

Answer 16

a lever for which the muscle force and resistive force act on opposite sides of the fulcrum

Question 17

2nd class lever

Answer 17

a lever for which the muscle force and resistive force act on the same side of the fulcrum

Question 18

movement and plane during a wrist curl

Answer 18

wrists flexion sagittal

Question 19

movement and plane during bicep curl

Answer 19

flexion sagittal

Question 20

movement and plane during tricep pushdown

Answer 20

extension sagittal

Question 21

movement and plane during front shoulder raise

Answer 21

flexion sagittal

Question 22

movement and plane during neutral grip seated row

Answer 22

extension sagittal

Question 23

movement and plane during wide grip lat pulldown

Answer 23

adduction frontal

Question 24

movement and plane during wide grip shoulder press

Answer 24

abduction frontal

Question 25

movement and plane during arm wrestle winning

Answer 25

internal rotation transverse

Question 26

movement and plane during arm wrestle losing

Answer 26

external rotation transverse

Question 27

movement and plane during dumbbell chest fly

Answer 27

adduction transverse

Question 28

movement and plane during bent over lateral raise

Answer 28

abduction transverse

Question 29

movement and plane during chin to chest; look up

Answer 29

chin to chest neck flexion sagittal

look up neck extension sagittal

Question 30

movement and plane during looking left and right

Answer 30

rotation transverse

Question 31

movement and plane during sit up

Answer 31

flexion sagittal

Question 32

movement and plane during stiff leg deadlift

Answer 32

extension sagittal

Question 33

what plane for the seated add and abd glute maching

Answer 33

transverse

Question 34

movement and plane during toe raise

Answer 34

dorsiflexion sagittal

Question 35

movement and plane during calf raise

Answer 35

plantar flexion sagittal