chapter 17 Flashcards
speed
the skills and abilities needed to achieve high movement velocities
agility
the skills and abilites needed to explosively change movement velocities or modes
speed-endurance
the ability to maintain maximal movement velocities or repeatedly achieve maximal accelerations and velocities
special endurance
the ability to repeatedly perform maximal or near-maximal efforts in competition specific exericise:relief patterns (work:rest ratios)
2 qualities of competition specific exericise relief patterns
1: the metabolic power to executs specific techniques at the targeted effort level
2: the metabolic capacity to do so repetitively
force equation
mass x acceleration
impulse
the change in momentum resulting from a force
power
the rate of doing work the product of force and velocity
sprinting error: hands too wide
Cause: misunderstand of movement
Correction: place arms at shoulder width
sprinting error: not getting 90 degree of front leg
cause: hips too high or low
correction: adjusting hip height
sprinting error: too much weight distributed to arms
Cause: improper weight distribution
Correction: raising hips upward more than forward and straightening arms and distributing weight evenly
sprinting error: unnecessary tension in dorsal muscles
cause: misunderstanding of movement
correction: normal head alignment eyes focused on group
sprinting error: “jumped” first stride
cause: push off angle too high; upward thrust too steep
correction: increase forward lean, head alignment, accelerate leg
how can force be expressed
impulse and power (mass x acceleration)
the final movement velocity targeted when a mass is being accelerated
velocity specificity
what has a greater force lengthening or shortening?
lengthening
muscle shortening depends on
1: contractility and exitability of neuromuscular system
2: muscle architecture
3: motor unit composition; cross bridge rates
how to improve SSC
- skillful multijoint movements
- work/rest exercises
plyometric and heavy reisiance training
complex training
alternating SSC with heavy resistance
what is postactivation potentiation
the phenomenon of complex training that enhaces the SSC
which is untrainable: reactive ability of reaction time?
reaction time
braking is during what movement
eccentric
propulsion is during what movement
concentric
starting position for sprinting
even distribution of body weight
front knee angle 90 degree and rear knee 110-130
push-off sprint position
rear leg produces greater initial force
head position sprinting
relaxed neutral position
flight phase for sprinting
maximum velocity
training objective for sprinting-minimize braking forces
plant food directly beneath the center of gravity
training objective for sprinting emphasize brief groud touching to increase stride rate
high level of explosive strength
training objective for sprinting emphasize training for hamstring
eccentric knee flexor strength
goal of sprinting
to achieve high stride grequency and stride length with explosice push-off and minimal vertical impulse
purpose of spring resistance
to improve explosice strength and stride length
purpose of sprint assistance
improce stride rate, overspeed
a long response is greaster thant ? ground contanct and a short response is less than ? ground contact
.25
methods for speed-endurance development supramaximal training
I: greater than competition
D: less than competition
methods for speed-endurance development maximal training
I: equal to or less than competition
D: equal to competition
methods for speed-endurance development submaximal training
I: less than compeition
D: greater than compeition
tertiary methods for speed and agility developmet
mobility strength and spreed endurance training
