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life science 7 > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the sugars and starches necessary for energy for the human body?

A

Carbohydrates

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2
Q

What polysaccharide cannot be digested?

A

Fiber

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3
Q

What are the building blocks of proteins?

A

Amino acids

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4
Q

What types of fats are usually found in food made from animal products and are usually solid at room temperature?

A

Saturated fats

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5
Q

What are common sources of saturated fats?

A

Whole milk, cheese, butter, beef

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6
Q

Which vitamin is essential for growth, eyesight, and healthy skin and can be found in whole milk, cheese, egg yolks, etc.?

A

Vitamin A

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7
Q

Which vitamins are essential to normal metabolism; teeth, gum, and blood vessel maintenance; and red blood cell development and can be found in liver, milk, meat, and most vegetables?

A

B-complex vitamins

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8
Q

Which vitamin maintains your connective tissue and helps your immune system and can be found in citrus fruits and other fresh fruits and vegetables?

A

Vitamin C

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9
Q

Which vitamin is required to absorb calcium to strengthen the teeth and bones?

A

Vitamin D

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10
Q

Where is your body designed to get the majority of its vitamin D?

A

Sun exposure

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11
Q

Which vitamin plays a vital role in blood clotting?

A

Vitamin K

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12
Q

Which trace element mineral enables the blood to carry oxygen around the body?

A

Iron

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13
Q

What is the unit that food energy is usually measured in?

A

Calorie

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14
Q

What is the amount of energy your body needs to function at rest, also considered the lowest rate of metabolism?

A

Basal metabolic rate

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15
Q

Which of the five main food groups should make up half of your diet?

A

Fruits and vegetables

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16
Q

What is the lack of proper nutrition which is caused by not eating enough of the right things?

A

Malnutrition

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17
Q

What are physical activities that require strength and speed but do not maintain a raised heart rate (example: softball)?

A

Anaerobic activities

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18
Q

In vigorous aerobic activity, once your heart rate reaches your training (or target) heart rate, how long should it maintain that rate?

A

10 minutes

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19
Q

What is the enlargement of muscles called?

A

Hypertrophy

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20
Q

How many hours of sleep should preteen and early teenagers be getting every night?

A

8-10 hours

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21
Q

What are white or black mounds caused by glands clogged and infected with bacteria and dirt?

A

Pimples

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22
Q

What is the scientific term for the most serious type of skin cancer?

A

Melanoma

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23
Q

What does SPF stand for?

A

Sun Protection Factor

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24
Q

What is the layer of dead skin cells at the base of your nails?

A

Cuticle

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25
Q

What is the most common disease in man?

A

Tooth decay (Dental caries or cavities)

26
Q

What is the thin, sticky film formed by the bacteria in the mouth?

A

Plaque

27
Q

What is the disease-causing organism that invades the body?

A

Pathogen

28
Q

What are the two most common types of pathogens?

A

Bacteria and viruses

29
Q

What results from problems inside the body caused by factors such as improper nutrition, malfunctioning cells, and exposure to harmful substances?

A

Noninfectious diseases

30
Q

What is an object through which disease can be spread through pathogens left on objects touched by infected person, such as a doorknob or faucet handle?

A

Fomite

31
Q

What is a substance that will give a person immunity just as if he had caught the disease?

A

Vaccine

32
Q

Which disease quietly attacks the immune system and prevents the body from fighting pathogens?

A

HIV

33
Q

What are the most common diseases affecting the immune system?

A

Allergies

34
Q

What occurs when the heart beats abnormally?

A

Arrhythmias

35
Q

What is the spreading of malignant tumors to other parts of the body?

A

Metastasis

36
Q

What is a substance other than food or water taken into the body that causes changes in the body?

A

Drug

37
Q

What type of drug can be purchased without a prescription?

A

OTC (Over-the-Counter)

38
Q

What is the term for intentionally using drugs for non-medical purposes?

A

Abused

39
Q

What occurs when a drug user’s body becomes accustomed to the drug and requires increased doses to produce the same effect?

A

Tolerance

40
Q

What is a painful, sometimes deadly, sickness that occurs when a dependence-causing drug is no longer taken?

A

Withdrawal

41
Q

What are drugs derived from the opium poppy plant and similar synthetic drugs?

A

Opioids

42
Q

What opioid is completely illegal in the US because it is extremely addictive?

A

Heroin

43
Q

What types of drugs affect the senses and lead to hallucinations?

A

Hallucinogens

44
Q

What hallucinogen is the most prevalent illegal drug in the US?

A

Marijuana

45
Q

What is a commonly abused stimulant found in tobacco products?

A

Nicotine

46
Q

What is the most powerful natural stimulant?

A

Cocaine

47
Q

What are drugs that slow body functions?

A

Depressants

48
Q

What is the most commonly abused depressant?

A

Alcohol

49
Q

On which part of the body are the effects of alcohol most noticable?

A

Brain

50
Q

What does the Bible warn against alcohol?

A

Addictiveness and danger

51
Q

What are drugs that are breathed in through the nose or mouth as a vapor and often have strong odors caused by the high concentration of chemicals, including household chemicals?

A

Inhalants

52
Q

What is the immediate medical attention given to a victim of an injury or sudden illness?

A

First aid

53
Q

What is the most important thing to do in any medical emergency?

A

Get help

54
Q

What occurs when muscle tissue is overstretched to the point of tearing?

A

Strains

55
Q

What type of fracture is it when the bone remains within the body and does not penetrate the skin?

A

Simple fracture (or closed fracture)

56
Q

What leading cause of accidental death in the US is caused by exposure to harmful substances?

A

Poisoning

57
Q

What degree of burn damages only the epidermis?

A

First-degree burns

58
Q

What is the time when a young person changes into an adult (the teenage years)?

A

Adolescence

59
Q

What is a strong feeling usually expressed in a physical way?

A

Emotion

60
Q

What is the best way to deal with emotions?

A

Prayer and Scripture

61
Q

How can Christians know more about who God is and what he expects?

A

By reading God’s Word

62
Q

What is the most effective first aid treatment for muscle injuries?

A

RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation)

life science 7 (20 decks)

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