Chapter 4 Flashcards
What are the sugars and starches necessary for energy for the human body?
Carbohydrates
What polysaccharide cannot be digested?
Fiber
What are the building blocks of proteins?
Amino acids
What types of fats are usually found in food made from animal products and are usually solid at room temperature?
Saturated fats
What are common sources of saturated fats?
Whole milk, cheese, butter, beef
Which vitamin is essential for growth, eyesight, and healthy skin and can be found in whole milk, cheese, egg yolks, etc.?
Vitamin A
Which vitamins are essential to normal metabolism; teeth, gum, and blood vessel maintenance; and red blood cell development and can be found in liver, milk, meat, and most vegetables?
B-complex vitamins
Which vitamin maintains your connective tissue and helps your immune system and can be found in citrus fruits and other fresh fruits and vegetables?
Vitamin C
Which vitamin is required to absorb calcium to strengthen the teeth and bones?
Vitamin D
Where is your body designed to get the majority of its vitamin D?
Sun exposure
Which vitamin plays a vital role in blood clotting?
Vitamin K
Which trace element mineral enables the blood to carry oxygen around the body?
Iron
What is the unit that food energy is usually measured in?
Calorie
What is the amount of energy your body needs to function at rest, also considered the lowest rate of metabolism?
Basal metabolic rate
Which of the five main food groups should make up half of your diet?
Fruits and vegetables
What is the lack of proper nutrition which is caused by not eating enough of the right things?
Malnutrition
What are physical activities that require strength and speed but do not maintain a raised heart rate (example: softball)?
Anaerobic activities
In vigorous aerobic activity, once your heart rate reaches your training (or target) heart rate, how long should it maintain that rate?
10 minutes
What is the enlargement of muscles called?
Hypertrophy
How many hours of sleep should preteen and early teenagers be getting every night?
8-10 hours
What are white or black mounds caused by glands clogged and infected with bacteria and dirt?
Pimples
What is the scientific term for the most serious type of skin cancer?
Melanoma
What does SPF stand for?
Sun Protection Factor
What is the layer of dead skin cells at the base of your nails?
Cuticle