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251 Final > Chapter 38 > Flashcards

Chapter 38 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 diseases of the lower respiratory tract

A

COPD
Asthma

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2
Q

What is asthma

A

Narrowing of the airways

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3
Q

What is status asthmaticus

A

When an asthma attack is not controlled by medication

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4
Q

What is COPD

A

Chronic air flow limitation

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5
Q

Patients with COPD will display what two things

A

Hypoxia
Hypercapnia

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6
Q

What is chronic bronchitis

A

Cough and sputum for more than 3 months

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7
Q

COPD has trouble getting oxygen in and trouble getting

A

Carbon dioxide out

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8
Q

What do bronchodilators do

A

Relax bronchioles so they dilate

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9
Q

Bronchodilators that stimulate beta 1 and beta 2 receptors affect which organs

A

Beta 1: 1 Heart
Beta 2: 2 Lungs

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10
Q

When should Beta Adrenergic Agonists not be used for asthma and COPD

A

If there are issues with the heart (BETA 1)

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11
Q

What are the adverse effects of beta Adrenergic agonists

A

Epinephrine effects

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12
Q

If salbutamol is used too much you with get effects on which beta receptor

A

Beta 1: the heart

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13
Q

Salmeterol is always used with what

A

Glucocorticosteroid

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14
Q

How to anticholinergics treat lower respiratory disease

A

Acetylcholine causes constriction. Anticholinergics take over ACh receptor sites to cause dilation

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15
Q

What are the adverse effects of anticholinergics

A

DRY

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16
Q

How to xanthine derivatives work

A

Increase cAMP, dilation

17
Q

Xanthine derivatives effect the lungs and what other organ

A

Heart

18
Q

Why is theophylline dangerous

A

It has a narrow therapeutic range and can become toxic quickly

19
Q

How do carbs and proteins play a role in theophylline levels

A

High carbs, low protein increase levels
Low carbs, high protein decrease levels

20
Q

How do leukotriene receptor antagonists work

A

Leukotrienes cause inflammation so inhibiting them causes dilation

21
Q

What do corticosteroids do for lower respiratory diseases

A

Anti inflammatory

22
Q

How long does it take for corticosteroids to take effect

A

Several weeks

23
Q

How can you prevent fungal infections from corticosteroid inhaled meds

A

Rinse mouth after administration

24
Q

What happens if salbutamol is used too frequently

A

It looses its action to dilate the lungs and instead causes issues with the heart

25
Q

What is the order that inhaled meds have to be given in

A

Long acting beta Adrenergic agonist
Anticholinergic
Corticosteroid

251 Final (13 decks)

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