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251 Final > Chapter 23 > Flashcards

Chapter 23 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the range for typical high BP

A

130-139/85-89

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2
Q

What are the 3 types of hypertension

A

Essential
Secondary
Malignant

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3
Q

What is essential hypertension

A

No none cause, high BP

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4
Q

What is secondary hypertension

A

High BP caused by other complications in the body ex. Renal artery disease

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5
Q

What is malignant hypertension

A

BP above 180/120. Medical emergency

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6
Q

What does the parasympathetic nervous system do to blood vessels

A

Relax them

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7
Q

What does the sympathetic nervous system do to blood vessels

A

Contracts them

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8
Q

Antihypertensive drug categories

A

Adrenergic
ACE
ARB
Calcium channel blocker
Diuretics
Vasodilators
Direct renin inhibitors

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9
Q

What does clonidine do

A

Decrease norepinephrine production lowering BP

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10
Q

What does doxazosin do

A

Block alpha 1 adrenergic receptors, BP lowers, arteries and veins dilate

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11
Q

Which antihypertensive med is also used for enlarged prostate

A

Doxazosin

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12
Q

What do beta blockers do

A

Reduce heart rate, lowering BP

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13
Q

What does Labetalol do

A

Reduce HR, vasodilation

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14
Q

Which anti hypertension adrenergic drug can be used in pregnancy

A

Labetalol

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15
Q

Rebound hypertension when stopping med happens with what type of antihypertensive

A

Adrenergic

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16
Q

First dose syncope happens with which antihypertensive

A

Adrenergic

17
Q

Sexual dysfunction due to decreased blood flow to penis occurs from which antihypertensive

A

Adrenergic

18
Q

What other Adrenergic drug can be used for high BP in pregnancy

A

Clonidine

19
Q

What do ACE inhibitors do

A

Cause vasodilation

20
Q

Which antihypertensive drug has a cardio protective effect of stopping the thickening of the wall of the left ventricle

A

ACE Inhibitors

21
Q

Which antihypertensive drug reduces glomerular filtration pressure

A

ACE inhibitors

22
Q

Which antihypertensive can cause fetal abnormalities

A

ACE inhibitors

23
Q

What is a common side effect of ACE Inhibitors

A

Cough

24
Q

When someone has a cough from ACE Inhibitors, which med are they switched to

A

ARBs

25
Q

What do ARB do

A

Block vasoconstriction and aldosterone

26
Q

Hyperkalemia is less likely to occur with which drug than with Ace inhibitors

A

Arb

27
Q

What do calcium channel blockers do

A

Block calcium from entering cell, calcium needed for contractility, blood vessels cannot contract

28
Q

What do diuretics do

A

Decrease fluid volume to lower BP

29
Q

What is adverse effect of vasodilators

A

Cyanide toxicity

30
Q

When would the vasodilator sodium nitroprusside be used

A

In hypertensive emergencies

31
Q

When the HR falls below _ antihypertensive must be held

A

60bpm

251 Final (13 decks)

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