Chapter 37 Flashcards
How are upper respiratory tract infections caused by the common cold
Mucous due to inflammatory response drop down throat and bacteria enters lungs
Irritations of what triggers sneeze reflex
Nasal mucosa
Treatment using antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, and expectorants does what
Only treats symptoms; does not cure
In what case would an antiviral be used if a common cold is suspected
Only if it is absolutely necessary
OTC cold and cough products should not be given to children under the age of
6
What do antihistamines do
Reduce effects of histamine on body by binding to histamine receptor sites so they can’t
What med are the side effects of antihistamines similar to
Anticholinergic: DRY
Which antihistamine is non sedating
Loratadine
Which antihistamine is used to treat rhinitis
Loratadine
A high dose of which antihistamine causes drowsiness and fatigue
Loratadine
Which antihistamine increases fall risk in elderly
Diphenhydramine
Which antihistamine causes the hangover effect
Diphenhydramine
Which antihistamine is used as second treatment for anaphylaxis
Diphenhydramine
Why do antihistamines work for symptom management of colds
They are drying, stop runny nose, and cough
They stop histamine
Can antihistamines be used as the only med for asthma attacks?
No
Antihistamine Fexofenadine is not given to children under
6
Antihistamine desloratadine is not given to
Children period
Loratadine is not given to children under
2
Which decongestant causes rebound congestion if use is prolonged
Adrenergics
What do Adrenergic decongestants do
Constrict arterioles to reduce swelling, secretions drain
What do corticosteroid decongestants do
Turn off inflammatory response
What do anticholinergic decongestants do
Inhibit secretions in mucous membranes of nose
What is the adverse effect of Adrenergic decongestants
Epinephrine effect on body
What are adverse effects of corticosteroid decongestants
Dryness, nose bleeds, thinning of mucosa
