Chapter 37 - [additional] Patients With Special Challenges

Question 1

Spina bifida is defined as:
Select one:
A.
chronic pressure on the brain caused by excess cerebrospinal fluid.
B.
congenital inflammation of the spinal cord, usually in the neck.
C.
a birth defect caused by incomplete closure of the spinal column.
D.
a birth defect in which the child is born without spinal vertebrae.

Answer 1

C.
a birth defect caused by incomplete closure of the spinal column.

Question 2

The purpose of a ventricular peritoneum shunt is to:
Select one:
A.
prevent excess cerebrospinal fluid from accumulating in the brain.
B.
monitor pressure within the skull in patients with a head injury.
C.
remove fluid from the abdomen of patients with right-sided heart failure.
D.
divert excess cerebrospinal fluid to the ventricles of the brain.

Answer 2

A.
prevent excess cerebrospinal fluid from accumulating in the brain.

Question 3

Which of the following statements regarding gastrostomy (gastric) tubes is correct?
Select one:
A.
Most gastrostomy tubes are temporary and are not sutured in place.
B.
Gastrostomy tubes are placed directly into the small intestine.
C.
Patients with a gastrostomy tube might still be at risk for aspiration.
D.
Gastrostomy tubes are used for patients who cannot digest food.

Answer 3

C.
Patients with a gastrostomy tube might still be at risk for aspiration.

Question 4

As many as 40% of patients with Down syndrome have:
Select one:
A.
unilateral paralysis.
B.
diabetes mellitus.
C.
a heart condition.
D.
intracranial bleeding

Answer 4

C.
a heart condition.

Question 5

By placing one hand on your head and the other hand over your abdomen, you are asking a hearing-impaired patient if he or she:
Select one:
A.
is sick.
B.
needs help.
C.
is hurt.
D.
is nauseated.

Answer 5

A.
is sick.

Question 6

An important aspect in the assessment of a patient who experienced a previous brain injury involves:
Select one:
A.
presuming that he or she has cognitive impairment until proven otherwise.
B.
recalling that most patients with a brain injury have other organ dysfunction.
C.
contacting the patient’s physician to determine the extent of the brain injury.
D.
speaking with the patient and family to establish what is considered normal for the patient

Answer 6

D.
speaking with the patient and family to establish what is considered normal for the patient