Chapter 25 - [additional] Trauma Overview

Question 1

Kinetic energy is a calculation of:
A. weight and size.
B. weight and speed.
C. mass and weight.
D. speed and force.

Answer 1

B. weight and speed.

Question 2

A 20-year-old man has major open facial injuries after his vehicle struck a tree head-on. Which of the following findings within the car would MOST likely explain his injury pattern?
A. Deployed airbag
B. Bent steering wheel
C. Nonintact windshield
D. Crushed instrument panel

Answer 2

C. Nonintact windshield

Question 3

Which of the following would MOST likely result from the third collision in the “three-collision” effect that occurs during a high-speed, frontal impact motor vehicle crash?
A. Extensive damage to the automobile
B. Flail chest and lower extremity fractures
C. Massive external trauma with severe bleeding
D. Aortic rupture or compression injury to the brain

Answer 3

D. Aortic rupture or compression injury to the brain

Question 4

A young male experienced severe blunt chest trauma when his passenger car struck another vehicle head-on. During your inspection of the interior of his vehicle, you would MOST likely find:
A. deployed airbags.
B. steering wheel deformity.
C. starring of the windshield.
D. a crushed instrument panel.

Answer 4

B. steering wheel deformity.

Question 5

An unrestrained driver collided with a bridge pillar. Upon inspection of the interior of his vehicle, you note that the lower dashboard is crushed. During your assessment of the patient, you will MOST likely encounter:
A. trauma to the pelvis.
B. blunt abdominal trauma.
C. a severe closed head injury.
D. penetrating thoracic trauma.

Answer 5

A. trauma to the pelvis.

During a frontal collision, the unrestrained occupant’s knees often impact the lower dashboard. With this type of impact, energy is transferred from the knees to the femurs, and then to the pelvis or hip.

Question 6

Whiplash injuries are MOST common following _________ impacts.
A. rear-end
B. rollover
C. frontal
D. lateral

Answer 6

A. rear-end

Question 7

Death from a rollover motor vehicle crash is MOST often secondary to:
A. crushing injuries.
B. airbag-related trauma.
C. multiple collisions to the interior of the car.
D. ejection of the patient from the motor vehicle.

Answer 7

D. ejection of the patient from the motor vehicle.

Question 8

Severe abrasion injuries can occur when motorcycle riders are slowed after a collision by road drag. Road drag is most often associated with which type of motorcycle impact?
A. Head-on collision
B. Angular collision
C. Ejection
D. Controlled crash

Answer 8

C. Ejection

Question 9

When assessing a stab wound, it is important for the EMT to remember that:
A. stabbings to an extremity are rarely associated with an exit wound.
B. the majority of the internal trauma will be near the path of the knife.
C. most stabbings are unintentional and cause less severe internal injury.
D. more internal damage may be present than the external wound suggests.

Answer 9

D. more internal damage may be present than the external wound suggests.

Question 10

A 40-year-old man was standing near a building when it exploded. He has multiple injuries, including a depressed skull fracture, severe burns, and an impaled object in his abdomen. His head injury was MOST likely caused by ___________ blast injuries.
A. primary
B. secondary
C. tertiary
D. quaternary

Answer 10

C. tertiary

Question 11

When caring for an occupant inside a motor vehicle equipped with an airbag that did not deploy upon impact, you should:
Select one:
A.
recognize that the force of impact was most likely not severe.
B.
suspect that the patient may have experienced serious injuries.
C.
realize that the airbag malfunctioned at the time of impact.
D.
remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you.

Answer 11

D.
remember that it could still deploy and seriously injure you.

Question 12

In contrast to a Level III trauma center, a Level I trauma center must:
Select one:
A.
be involved in trauma prevention programs.
B.
have general surgeons in-house 24 hours a day.
C.
have access to an emergency physician within 30 minutes.
D.
be able to stabilize patients before transferring to a higher level facility.

Answer 12

B.
have general surgeons in-house 24 hours a day.

Question 13

During your assessment of a patient who experienced a blast injury, you note that he has a depressed area to the front of his skull. This injury MOST likely occurred:
Select one:
A.
as a result of flying debris.
B.
by inhaling toxic gases.
C.
when the patient was hurled against a stationary object.
D.
as a direct result of the pressure wave.

Answer 13

C.
when the patient was hurled against a stationary object. [tertiary]

Question 14

Signs of a pulmonary blast injury include:
Select one:
A.
coughing up blood.
B.
multiple rib fractures.
C.
vomiting blood.
D.
an irregular pulse.

Answer 14

A.
coughing up blood.

Question 15

If one or more occupants in the same vehicle are killed in a crash, the EMT should:
Select one:
A.
suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma.
B.
rapidly assess only the survivors who have experienced obvious trauma.
C.
allow the survivors to refuse transport if they have no obvious injuries.
D.
transport the survivors only if they have injuries or complain of pain.

Answer 15

A.
suspect that all living occupants experienced the same serious trauma.

Question 16

The cervical spine is MOST protected from whiplash-type injuries when the:
Select one:
A.
patient tenses up at the time of impact.
B.
rear end of the vehicle is initially struck.
C.
headrest is appropriately positioned.
D.
airbag correctly deploys upon impact.

Answer 16

C.
headrest is appropriately positioned

Question 17

Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct result of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?
Select one:
A.
Deformed steering wheel
B.
Intrathoracic hemorrhage
C.
Caved-in passenger door
D.
Collapsed dashboard

Answer 17

A.
Deformed steering wheel