Chapter 34- Alterations iof Pulmonary Function in Children Flashcards
During times of respiratory distress, the infants chest wall may flex inward and limit functional respiratory capacity because of chest wall ____ and _______.
flexibility, compliance
At birth, the infant has small, immature alveoli that cause ____ to flow.
increased resistance
Surfactant production begins by ____ weeks of gestation
20-40 weeks
Failure to produce surfactant at birth results in severe ______ RDS of the newborn.
ateletasis
______ is a disease process primarily caused by hyper responsive airways that are sensitive to certain environmental triggers.
asthma
Children have greater ____ and ____ than do adults.
metabolic rates and oxygen consumption
Epiglottitis is characterized by :
a. gradual onset
b. severe stridor
c. harsh cough
d. nasal discharge
b. severe stridor
Laryngotracheobronchitis is characterized by :
a. drooling
b. H. influenza infections
c. group a streptococcal infections
d. inflammation from vocal cords to bronchial lumina
d. inflammation from vocal cords to bronchial lumina
The most common cause of bronchiolitis is :
a. H. Influenzae
b. exposure to allergens
c. Parainfluenza virus
d. respiratory syncytial virus
d. respiratory syncytial virus
Most children who aspirate foreign objects:
a. exhibit quiescent intervals before symptoms appear
b. remove the offending object by coughing
c. lodged in the trachea exhibit wheezing
d. lodged in the airway exhibit stridor
a. exhibit quiescent intervals before symptoms appear
Staphylococcal pneumonia results in:
a. mild systemic symptoms
b. upper respiratory tract involvement
c. lobar involvement
d. atypical pneumonia
c. lobar involvement
Which is true of childhood pneumonias:
a. all pneumonias are mostly lobar
b. systemic involvement is greater in viral than in bacterial pneumonias
c. Viral pneumonias are often preceded by a “cold”
d. All of the above are correct
c. Viral pneumonias are often preceded by a “cold”
Which statement about SIDS is true:
a. it commonly occurs during autumn
b. its etiology is known
c. it occurs between 3 and 4 months of age
d. It may be effectively treated
c. it occurs between 3 and 4 months of age
Cystic fibrosis is:
a. a multi system disease
b. a defect that results in the overproduction of viscous mucus
c. a disease for which it is difficult to detect carriers through genetic testing
d. diagnosed by sweat chloride testing
e. a,b,d are correct
e. a,b,d are correct
Asthma:
a. triggers include allergens and viruses
b. of affected individuals may be assumed to be cured if they are asymptomatic for a number of years
c. is characterized by hyper responsive airways
d. a & c are correct
e. a,b, and c are correct
d. a & c are correct
Respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn:
a. exhibits vasodilation of the pulmonary vascular bed
b. develops less capillary permeability, which causes fibrin deposits
c. can be treated with nitric oxide to alleviate pulmonary HTN
d. can be treated at birth by the administration of glucocorticoids
c. can be treated with nitric oxide to alleviate pulmonary HTN
Match with circumstance or cause with the alteration
Chronic Condition
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
e. epiglottitis
f. respiratory distress syndrome
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Match with circumstance or cause with the alteration
Genetic Predisposition
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
e. epiglottitis
f. respiratory distress syndrome
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
Match with circumstance or cause with the alteration
May result in persistent fetal circulation
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
e. epiglottitis
f. respiratory distress syndrome
f. respiratory distress syndrome
Match with circumstance or cause with the alteration
May be a consequence of prematurity
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
e. epiglottitis
f. respiratory distress syndrome
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
f. respiratory distress syndrome
Match with circumstance or cause with the alteration
Acute, life threatening infection
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
e. epiglottitis
f. respiratory distress syndrome
e. epiglottitis
Match with circumstance or cause with the alteration
Parainfluenza virus
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
e. epiglottitis
f. respiratory distress syndrome
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
Match with circumstance or cause with the alteration
Neonatal chronic lung disease
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
e. epiglottitis
f. respiratory distress syndrome
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Match with circumstance or cause with the alteration
Occurs epidemically in fall and winter
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
e. epiglottitis
f. respiratory distress syndrome
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
Match with circumstance or cause with the alteration
Inflammatory basis with hyper responsive airways
a. asthma
b. cystic fibrosis
c. laryngotracheobronchitis
d. bronchopulmonary dysplasia
e. epiglottitis
f. respiratory distress syndrome
a. asthma
