Chapter 21- Alterations of Hormonal Regulation Flashcards
Which of the following laboratory values would be expected in an individual with SIADH?
a. Serum sodium = 150 mEq/L and urine hypoosmolality
b. Serum potassium = 5 mEq/L and serum hypoosmolality
c. a. Serum sodium = 120 mEq/L and serum hypoosmolality
d. Serum potassium = 3 mEq/L and serum hypoosmolality
c. a. Serum sodium = 120 mEq/L and serum hypoosmolality
Hypopituitarism in an adult male likely includes:
a. decreased libido
b. connective tissue increases
c. visual field impairments
d. altered neuromuscular function
a. decreased libido
Excessive secretion of GH in an adult may cause:
a. diabetes mellitus type 2
b. diabetes insipidus
c. hypoglycemia
d. decreased metabolic rate
a. diabetes mellitus type 2
A characteristic shared by both diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus is:
a. elevated blood and urine glucose levels
b. the inability to produce ADH
c. the inability to produce insulin
d. polyuria
e. elevated blood urine and ketone body levels
d. polyuria
The manifestations of hyperthyroidism include all of the following except:
a. diarrhea
b. constipation
c. heat intolerance
d. weight loss
e. wakefulness
b. constipation
Hypothyroidism in adults is:
a. myxedema
b. Addison disease
c. Cushings disease
d. Graves disease
e. cretinism
a. myxedema
Graves disease is:
a. hyperthyroidism
b. associated with autoimmunity
c. manifested by opthalmopathy
d. All of the above are correct
d. All of the above are correct
Inadequate levels of thyroid hormones at birth may cause:
a. mental retardation
b. immediate death
c. thyroid crisis
d. myxedema
e. dwarfism
a. mental retardation and
e. dwarfism
Hyperparathyroidism causes which of the following?
a. Increased osteoclastic activity
b. Decreased plasma calcium
c. Increased phosphorus absorption from the gastrointestinal tract
d. Hypocalcemia
a. Increased osteoclastic activity
Manifestations of hypocalcemia include:
a. myopathy
b. lethargy
c. hypertension
d. tetany
e. bone cysts
d. tetany
What is the most common cause of acromegaly?
a. Anterior pituitary adenoma
b. Overproduction of ACTH
c. Overproduction of TSH
d. Pituitary atrophy
a. Anterior pituitary adenoma
If a 19-year-old woman had shortness of breath, weight loss, excessive sweating, exopthalmos, and irritability, which hormone would you expect to find elevated in her serum?
a. Cortisol
b. Thyroxine
c. ACTH
d. 17-Ketosteroid
b. Thyroxine
A 24-year-old woman with a history of taking sulfonylurea agents is found in a stuporous state. She is pale and has cold, clammy skin. What is the likely etiology of her condition?
a. Hyperglycemia
b. Insulin shock/hypoglycemia
c. Renal failure
d. Peripheral neuropathy
b. Insulin shock/hypoglycemia
A 10-year-old boy came into the emergency department dehydrated with metabolic acidosis, hyperkalemia, elevated ketones, and a blood glucose level of 800 mg/dl. The most probable disease in this child is:
a. cretinism
b. type 1 diabetes mellitus
c. type 2 diabetes mellitus
d. impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
e. gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
b. type 1 diabetes mellitus
Your neighbor has not been previously diabetic but has gained 80 pounds during the past year and is able to produce some insulin. Her fasting blood sugar is always elevated. She is being treated with oral insulin-stimulating drugs. This is likely:
a. diabetes insipidus
b. type 1 diabetes mellitus
c. type 2 diabetes mellitus
d. IGT
e. GDM
c. type 2 diabetes mellitus
Panhypopituitarism in children causes:
a. excessive ACTH secretion
b. increased libido
c. dwarfism
d. giantism
c. dwarfism
Hormonal alterations can be caused by:
a. inadequate synthesis of cAMP
b. increased numbers of intracellular receptors for lipid-soluble hormones
d. presence of antibodies against specific receptors
d. presence of antibodies against specific receptors
Chronic renal failure causes:
a. dehydration
b. hypercalcemia
c. secondary hyperparathyroidism
d. primary hypepararthyroidism
c. secondary hyperparathyroidism
The end result of hyperthyroidism is:
a. the presence of a goiter
b. Graves disease
c. overstimulation of the basal metabolic rate
d. depression of metabolism
c. overstimulation of the basal metabolic rate
If an individual is heterogeneous for HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR4, the risk is far greater for:
a. excess insulin
b. type 1 diabetes mellitus
c. type 2 diabetes mellitus
d. All of the above are correct, plus diabetes insipidus
b. type 1 diabetes mellitus
Intragenic hyperadrenalism leads to primary adrenal insufficiency if treatment is stopped suddenly because of:
a. destruction of the adrenal cortex by steroid treatment
b. destruction of the adrenal medulla by steroid treatment
c. pituitary gland atrophy
d. adrenal gland atrophy
d. adrenal gland atrophy
Which electrolyte change occurs in Addison disease?
a. Hypokalemia
b. Hypernatremia
c. Hyperkalemia
d. Hypocalemia
c. Hyperkalemia
A benign tumor of the adrenal glands that causes the hypersecretion of aldosterone is:
a. Addison disease
b. a pheochromocytoma
c. Cushing disease
d. Cushing syndrome
e. Conn disease
e. Conn disease
Match the hypersecretion with the consequence
Hypersecretion of aldosterone
a. decreased cardiac output
b. hyperglycemia and/or osteoporosis
c. basal metabolic rate increases
d. hypernatremia
e. hyponatremia
d. hypernatremia
Match the hypersecretion with the consequence
Hypersecretion of glucocrtoids
a. decreased cardiac output
b. hyperglycemia and/or osteoporosis
c. basal metabolic rate increases
d. hypernatremia
e. hyponatremia
b. hyperglycemia and/or osteoporosis
