Chapter 20- Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation Flashcards
Organs that respond to a particular hormone are called the:
a. target organs
b. integrated organs
c. responder organs
d. hormone attack organs
a. target organs
A major feature of the “plasma membrane receptor” mechanism of hormonal action is:
a. receptors exist for lipid- soluble hormones
b. increased lysosomal activity
c. that a “second messenger” is required
d. that hormones attach to a receptor in the cytosol
c. that a “second messenger” is required
A major feature of the “activation of genes” mechanism of hormonal action is that:
a. a “second messenger” is used
b. a hormone-Golgi complex is used
c. the hormone enters the cell
d. lysosomal activity increases
c. the hormone enters the cell
A hormone that has an antidiuretic effect similar to antidiuretic hormone(ADH) is:
a. insulin
b. oxytocin
c. growth hormone (GH)
d. aldosterone
e. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
b. oxytocin
The hypothalamus controls the adenohypophysis by the direct involvement of:
a. nerve impulses
b. prostaglandins
c. cerebrocortical controlling factors (CCFs)
d. regulating hormones
d. regulating hormones
Amylin:
a. is a lipid hormone
b. has an antihyperglycemic effect
c. depresses glucagon secretion after meals
d. None of the above is correct
b. has an antihyperglycemic effect
If calcium levels in the blood are too high, thyrocalcitonin (calcitonin) concentrations in the blood should:
a. increase, thereby inhibiting osteoclasts
b. increase, thereby stimulating osteoclasts
c. increase, but this would not affect osteoclasts
d. decrease, thereby inhibiting osteoclasts
e. decrease, thereby stimulating osteoclasts
a. increase, thereby inhibiting osteoclasts
In the negative feedback mechanism that controls thyroid hormone secretion, which of the following is the nontropic hormone?
a. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
b. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
c. Thyroxine
d. All of the above are tropic hormones
c. Thyroxine
The control of parathyroid hormone is most accurately described as:
a. negative feedback controlled by the hypothalamus
b. positive feedback controlled by the pituitary gland
c. negative feedback involving the pituitary gland
d. negative feedback not involving the pituitary gland
d. negative feedback not involving the pituitary gland
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system begins to operate when renin is secreted by the:
a. adrenal cortex
b. adrenal medulla
c. pancreas
d. kidneys
d. kidneys
The effects of adrenal medullary hormones and the effects of sympathetic stimulation can be described as:
a. opposites in all respects
b. overlapping in some respects
c. opposites in some respects
d. variable depending on the sex of the person involved
e. overlapping in most respects
e. overlapping in most respects
Which of the following best describes the respective effects of insulin and glucagon on blood sugar?
a. Insulin raises it, glucagon lowers it
b. Both raise blood sugar
c. Insulin lowers it, glucagon raises it
d. Both lowers blood sugar
e. None of the above are correct
c. Insulin lowers it, glucagon raises it
Mediators of the anabolic function of GH include:
a. insulin growth factor (IGF)-2 receptors
b. somatostatin
c. melatonin
d. IGFs
d. IGFs
Which of the following is an anabolic protein hormone?
a. TSH
b. Aldosterone
c. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
d. Insulin
d. Insulin
Aldosterone maintains electrolyte balance by:
a. retaining potassium
b. eliminating sodium
c. retaining both sodium and potassium
d. Both a and b are correct
e. None of the above are correct
e. None of the above are correct
Match the appropriate hormone with the target organ
ACTH
a. mammary glands
b. adrenal cortex
c. adrenal medulla
d. thyroid gland
e. adenohypophysis
f. kidneys
b. adrenal cortex
Match the appropriate hormone with the target organ
TSH
a. mammary glands
b. adrenal cortex
c. adrenal medulla
d. thyroid gland
e. adenohypophysis
f. kidneys
d. thyroid gland
Match the appropriate hormone with the target organ
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
a. mammary glands
b. adrenal cortex
c. adrenal medulla
d. thyroid gland
e. adenohypophysis
f. kidneys
e. adenohypophysis
Match the appropriate hormone with the target organ
Prolactin
a. mammary glands
b. adrenal cortex
c. adrenal medulla
d. thyroid gland
e. adenohypophysis
f. kidneys
a. mammary glands
Match the hormone with its role
Epinephrine
a. immunity
b. growth inhibition
c. fight or flight
d. controls Na+, H2O, and K+ excretion
e. suppresses T helper lymphocytes
f. inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion
c. fight or flight
Match the hormone with its role
Glucocorticoids
a. immunity
b. growth inhibition
c. fight or flight
d. controls Na+, H2O, and K+ excretion
e. suppresses T helper lymphocytes
f. inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion
e. suppresses T helper lymphocytes
Match the hormone with its role
Mineralcorticoids
a. immunity
b. growth inhibition
c. fight or flight
d. controls Na+, H2O, and K+ excretion
e. suppresses T helper lymphocytes
f. inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion
d. controls Na+, H2O, and K+ excretion
Match the hormone with its role
Somatostatin
a. immunity
b. growth inhibition
c. fight or flight
d. controls Na+, H2O, and K+ excretion
e. suppresses T helper lymphocytes
f. inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion
f. inhibits insulin and glucagon secretion
Match the categories of hormones with the hormones
Water soluble hormone
a. growth hormone
b. thyroxine
c. epinephrine
d. cortisol
a. growth hormone and c. epinephrine
Match the categories of hormones with the hormones
Lipid soluble hormone
a. growth hormone
b. thyroxine
c. epinephrine
d. cortisol
b. thyroxine and d. cortisol
