Chapter 33-Obstetric and Neonatal Emergencies

Question 1

What should you do once you see the head coming out?

Answer 1

Place your hand on the bony part of the skull and guide it out to make sure that the body doesn’t pop out with a sudden contraction

Question 2

How can you reduce the risk of perineal tear?

Answer 2

Applying even pressure across the perineum with a gauze

Question 3

What do you do if the amniotic sac has not ruptured by the time the baby is crowning?

Answer 3

Rupture it and pull it away from the baby’s face

Question 4

What should you pay attention to regarding the amniotic fluid?

Answer 4

Whether it smells bad or is greenish

Question 5

What does greenish/foul smelling amniotic fluid a sign of?

Answer 5

Meconium (poop)

Question 6

How do you handle a nuchal cord?

Answer 6

Try to gently remove it from around the baby’s neck and if you can’t then clamp it two inches apart and cut it. If you must do this, then try to expedite the delivery because the baby is no longer receiving O2 from the mother and must start breathing on its own

Question 7

What happens during ovulation?

Answer 7

Hormones trigger the release of an egg and for two weeks the lining of the uterus thickens to prepare for the implantation of a fertilized egg

Question 8

What is the term for the lining of the uterus?

Answer 8

Endometrium

Question 9

What happens if no fertilized egg is implanted in the uterus?

Answer 9

Menstruation, shedding of the endometrium

Question 10

What is the baby called for the first 10 weeks of pregnancy?

Answer 10

Embryo

Question 11

What is the baby called for weeks 10-delivery?

Answer 11

Fetus

Question 12

What is the uterus?

Answer 12

A muscular organ that encloses and protects the developing fetus and produces contractions that push the baby through the birth canal during labor

Question 13

What structures comprise the birth canal?

Answer 13

vagina and the lower 1/3 of the uterus (cervix)

Question 14

What is a bloody show?

Answer 14

There is a mucous plug at the base of the uterus that protects the developing baby from contamination, and during delivery it is discharged from the uterus via the vagina as a pink mucus

Question 15

Why are pregnant women more susceptible to falls?

Answer 15

Their joints are looser due to hormonal changes and the added weight of the fetus

Question 16

Why are the signs of shock delayed in pregnant women?

Answer 16

They have increased blood volume so they can loose more blood before their body shows signs of shock

Question 17

How much amniotic fluid is contained in the amniotic sac?

Answer 17

500-1,000 mL

Question 18

What does the amniotic fluid do for the fetus?

Answer 18

Protects and insulates the fetus

Question 19

What does the rupture of the amniotic sac during labor accomplish?

Answer 19

Lubricates the birth canal and removes bacteria

Question 20

How do you time contractions?

Answer 20

Start at the beginning of one and end at the beginning of the next one

Question 21

What are postpartum complications?

Answer 21

emboli (especially pumonary emboli)

Question 22

What causes the increased of risk of emboli following childbirth?

Answer 22

bed rest and blood clots

Question 23

How soon after childbirth can emboli develop?

Answer 23

days to months

Question 24

What is the first stage of labor?

Answer 24

Dilation of the cervix; begins with onset of contractions and ends with complete dilation of cervix

Question 25

What is the second stage of labor?

Answer 25

Delivery fetus; starts when fetus encounters birth canal and ends with delivery of the fetus

Question 26

What is the third stage of labor?

Answer 26

Delivery of the placenta; starts with the birth of the child and ends with delivery of the placenta

Question 27

What is it called when the baby’s bottom is delivered first instead of the head?

Answer 27

Breech delivery

Question 28

What do you do for a limb presentation?

Answer 28

Cover it with a towel and transport quickly