Chapter 19-Endocrine and Hematological Emergencies

Question 1

What is symptomatic hyperglycemia?

Answer 1

a state of unconsciousness resulting from several problems including ketoacidosis, dehydration, and hyperglycemia

Question 2

What does hyperglycemia cause in Type 1 diabetes?

Answer 2

Ketoacidosis and dehydration from excessive urination

Question 3

What does hyperglycemia cause in Type 2 diabetes?

Answer 3

Nonketotic hyperosmolar state of dehydration due to discharge of fluids from all body systems and eventually through kidneys

Question 4

If uncontrolled, hyperglycemia in Type 2 diabetes can lead to _____

Answer 4

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic syndrome

Question 5

What happens during Hypoglycemia?

Answer 5

Sugar is taken out of the blood too quickly leaving insufficient amounts to supply the brain

Question 6

What manifests more quickly, hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia?

Answer 6

Hypoglycemia

Question 7

What kinds of damage can hypoglycemia cause if unaddressed?

Answer 7

Unconsciousness and brain damage

Question 8

Hypoglycemia can occur if patient administers too much insulin or an appropriate amount of insulin but also ____

Answer 8

ate too little, ate too late, didn’t eat, exercised

Question 9

What are the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?

Answer 9

Shallow rapid breaths
Pale, clammy skin
Diaphoresis
Dizziness
Rapid pulse
Low BP
AMS
Seizure/fainting/coma
weakness on one side of the body

Question 10

What are the contraindications of oral glucose?

Answer 10

Inability to swallow, unconsciousness