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PSYC 104 - Introductory Psychology I > Chapter 3.2 > Flashcards

Chapter 3.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Central Nervous System

A

-part of the nervous system containing the brain and spinal cord
-controls the mind and behaviour

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2
Q

Peripheral Nervous System

A

-nerves in the body that extend outside the CNS
-further subdivided into the somatic nervous system (voluntary behaviour) and autonomic nervous system (involuntary behaviour

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3
Q

Spinal Cord

A

-thick bundle of nerves that convey signals between brain and body
-protected by vertebrae

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4
Q

Spinal Reflexes

A

-simple stimulus responses, triggered without brain involvement

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5
Q

Pathway of Sensory Perception

A
  1. Skin receptors sense stimulus
  2. sensory neurons bring info to the CNS
  3. interneurons relay a response
  4. motor neurons deliver information to the effector
  5. Effector, muscle pulls finger away
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6
Q

Brain

A

-made of protein, fat, and fluid
-takes of lots of our energy/oxygen demands
-complex structure that runs the entire body

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7
Q

Cerebral Ventricles

A

-pockets in the brain that contain CSF
-provide the brain with nutrients
-cushion against injury

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8
Q

Cerebral Cortex

A

-outermost part of the forebrain
-responsible for analyzing sensory processing and higher brain functions
-reasoning and language

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9
Q

Forebrain/Cerebrum

A

-forward part of the brain that allows advanced intellectual abilities
-cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, limbic system

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10
Q

Cerebral Hemispheres

A

-2 halves of the cerebrum
-distinct yet highly integrated functions

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11
Q

Corpus Callosum

A

-large band of fibres connecting the two cerebral hemispheres

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12
Q

Left Hemisphere

A

-fine tuned language skills (speech, reading, writing, comprehension)
-facial expressions
-motor detection

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13
Q

Right Hemisphere

A

-coarse language skills (simple speech and writing, tone of voice)
-visuospatial skills (perception)

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14
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

-forward part of the cerebral cortex
-motor function
-organization of other brain function
-language
-memory

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15
Q

Motor Cortex

A

-part of the frontal lobe responsible for body movement

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16
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

-touch
-temperature
-pain
-integrates vision

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17
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

-auditory processing

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18
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

-visual processing

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19
Q

Basal Ganglia

A

-collections of neurons
-crucial to motor function/planning
-damage = tremors/involuntary movement

20
Q

Limbic System

A

-important in emotion, memory, learning
-amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus

21
Q

Amygdala

A

-regulates arousal and fear

22
Q

Hippocampus

A

-processes memory for spatial locations

23
Q

Thalamus

A

-conveys sensory info to cortex

24
Q

Hypothalamus

A

-endocrine and autonomic nervous system

25
Q

Midbrain

A

-tracks visual stimuli and reflexes triggered by sound

26
Q

Reticular Activating System (RAS)

A

-important area of the midbrain
-essential for conscious awareness, control over ourselves
-regulates sleep, wakefulness, attention

27
Q

Medulla

A

-regulates breathing and heartbeats

28
Q

Pons

A

-conveys info between cortex and cerebellum

29
Q

Cerebellum

A

-controls balance and coordinated movement

30
Q

Prefrontal Cortex

A

-part of the frontal lobe
-thinking, planning, language
-behaviour and personality

31
Q

Broca’s Area

A

-language area
-speech production
-within prefrontal cortex

32
Q

Primary Somatosensory Cortex

A

-sensation in skin, muscles, joints

33
Q

Visual Association Cortex

A

-forms images

34
Q

Primary Visual Cortex

A

-receives nerve impulses from visual thalamus

35
Q

Primary Auditory Cortex

A

-sound quality such as pitch and volume

36
Q

Auditory Association Area

A

-allows recognition of words and melodies

37
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A

-part of the temporal lobe
-understanding speech and written language

38
Q

Brain Stem

A

-between spinal cord and cerebrum
-contains midbrain, pons, medulla

39
Q

Hindbrain

A

-region below the midbrain that contains cerebellum, pons, medulla

40
Q

Interneuron

A

-sends messages to other neurons nearby

41
Q

Reflec

A

-automatic motor response to sensory stimulus

42
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

-conveys info between CNS and body
-voluntary movement
-coordinates our reaction to experiences in the outside world

43
Q

Autonomic Nervous System

A

-controls involuntary action
-internal organs and glands
-plays role in emotions

44
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System

A

-division of ANS
-fight or flight
-activates function

45
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

-division of ANS
-rest and digest
-inhibits functions

46
Q

Homeostasis

A

-self regulating process
-adjusts internal conditions in response to environmental changes

PSYC 104 - Introductory Psychology I (12 decks)

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