Chapter 3- Organ systems (3)

Question 1

What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

The function is that it carries gases, waste, nutrients, etc

Question 2

What are the types of tissue in the cardiovascular system?

Answer 2

1- Muscle tissue (Cardiac and smooth)

2- Connective tissue

3- Epithelia

Question 3

What are the components that the cardiovascular system is made up of?

Answer 3

1- Blood vessels- carries the blood

2- Heart- pumps the blood around

Question 4

What is the function of the lymphatic system?

Answer 4

Soaks up escaped fluid and houses lymphocytes involved in immunity.

Question 5

What are lymphocytes?

Answer 5

A type of white blood cell which is one of the body’s main types of immune cells

Question 6

What are some of the structures of the lymphatic system and their functions?

Answer 6

1- Lymphatic vessels- flows excess fluid from tissues towards heart to return to blood

2- Lymph nodes- filter lymph (the fluid that flows through the lymphatic system) and houses lymphocytes

3- Spleen- the site in which lymphocytes divide by mitosis. They destroy red bloods cells and bloodborne pathogens- infectious microorganisms in the blood that can cause disease in humans

Question 7

What is the function of the respiratory system?

Answer 7

to keep you supplied with oxygen by bringing it into the body and gets rid of waste carbon dioxide.

Question 8

In order to accomplish this function (respiratory system) the four processes of respiration must happen:

Answer 8

1- Pulmonary ventilation

2- External respiration

3- Transport of respiratory gases

4- Internal respiration (cellular)

Question 9

What is the function of the digestive system?

Answer 9

It breaks down ingested food into nutrient molecules that can enter the cardiovascular or lymphatic systems.

Question 10

The organs that are involved in the digestive system are:

Answer 10

1- Alimentary canal- a continuous muscular tube including mouth, oesophagus, stomach, etc.

2- Accessory digestive organs- organs that secrete substances needed for the chemical digestion of food, e.g, salivary glands, pancreas

Question 11

The alimentary canal has its own nervous system. What is it called?

Answer 11

The enteric nervous system.

Question 12

What is the function of the urinary system?

Answer 12

It regulates water and gets rid of nitrogenous waste.

Question 13

What does the urinary system structure contain?

Answer 13

1- Kidneys

2- Ureters- connecting tube between the kidneys and the bladder

3- Urinary bladder- temporary storage of urine

4- Urethra- where urine is discharged

Question 14

What is the function of the reproductive system?

Answer 14

To produce offspring

Question 15

What are the specialised cells called that are formed in the reproductive system?

Answer 15

Gametes (sperm or egg)

Question 16

What is homeostasis?

Answer 16

The maintenance of a constant internal environment in response to the external environment..

Question 17

What is an example of homeostasis?

Answer 17

Body temperature

Question 18

What happens if you have an increase in internal body temperature?

Answer 18

Neuro signals are activated which simulate responses which will then decrease the amount of heat that we are retaining within the body.

Question 19

Give some examples of homeostatic relationships between organ systems

Answer 19

1- Endocrine and cardiovascular system- hormones regulate blood volume, pressure, and heart rate

2- Integumentary and lymphatic system- skin protects and acts as a chemical barrier against infection. The immune system protects skin cells.

3- Nervous system and respiratory system- nervous system regulates breathing rate and volume