Chapter 2- Tissue types (1)

Question 1

What is the definition of a tissue, organs, and an organ system?

Answer 1

Tissue- cells with similar structures and functions grouped together.

Organs- tissues that are grouped together to perform a function

Organ system- a group of organs grouped together to perform a function and to form a whole multicellular organism.

Question 2

What are the four main types of tissue and what is their brief function in one word?

Answer 2

1- Nervous tissue- Controls
2- Muscle tissue- Moves
3- Connective tissue- supports
4- Epithelial tissue- covers

Question 3

The nervous tissue is the main component of?

Answer 3

The nervous system

Question 4

What two components is the nervous tissue made up of?

Answer 4

1- Nerve cells- AKA neurons

2- Support cells- more commonly known as gila

Question 5

What is gila?

Answer 5

Cells that support, protect, and insulate the delicate neurons.

Question 6

What do neurons do?

Answer 6

Generate and transmit electrical impulses.

Question 7

Muscle tissues are composed of what?

Answer 7

Myocytes (muscle cells)

Question 8

What are myocytes?

Answer 8

Cells that contract to produce force and motion

Question 9

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Answer 9

1- Skeletal muscle
2- Smooth muscle
3- Cardiac muscle

Question 10

Give a brief overview of the skeletal muscle

Answer 10

1- Attaches to the skeleton

2- Stripy in appearance

3- Capable of generating lots of force

Question 11

Give a brief overview of the smooth muscle

Answer 11

1- Lines hollow organs, e.g, stomach

2- Non stripy

3- Capable of sustained activity, e.g, continuously pushing food through digestive system.

Question 12

Give a brief overview of the cardiac muscle

Answer 12

1- Within the heart

2- Stripy with branched fibres

3- It is myogenic

Question 13

Whats the definition of myogenic?

Answer 13

Activation arising locally from within the muscle tissue.

Question 14

What are some of the things that the muscle is responsible for?

Answer 14

1- Movement

2- Posture

3- Generating heat (by shivering)

4- Regulating sight and hearing

Question 15

What is connective tissue?

Answer 15

Supports, protects, and binds other tissues together.

Question 16

What is connective tissue made up of?

Answer 16

1- The ground substance
2- Fibres
3- Cells

Question 17

What is the extracellular matrix?

Answer 17

The thing that makes connective tissue extremely tough and durable.

Question 18

What makes up the extracellular matrix?

Answer 18

The ground substance and fibres

Question 19

What is the ground substance?

Answer 19

Unstructured material that fills the space between the cells and contains the fibres.

Question 20

What is the ground substance made up of?

Answer 20

1- Interstitial fluid- containing dissolved nutrients

2- Cell adhesion proteins- that binds connective tissue cells to the extracellular matrix

3- Proteoglycans and glycoproteins- traps water

Question 21

What example is composed largely of a ground substance?

Answer 21

The vitreous humour

Question 22

What are fibres?

Answer 22

Proteins that provide support

Question 23

What are the three types of fibres?

Answer 23

1- Collagen fibres
2- Reticular fibres
3- Elastic fibres

Question 24

Give an overview of Collagen fibres

Answer 24

• Thickest of the connective tissue fibres
• Strongest and most abundant

Question 25

Give an overview of reticular fibres

Answer 25

• Thicker than elastic but thinner than collagen fibres.
• Often form a network that cradles other tissues