Chapter 3 Notes Part 3 Flashcards
Centrosome structure
Nonmembranous structure
Centrosome function
Distribute chromosomes to new cells during cell reproduction
Vesicle structure
Membranous sacs that form from the cell membrane that surrounds particles and pinches off
Vesicle function
Contains substances that enter cell
Another word for vesicle
Vacuole
Vacuoles are
Storage tanks
Cilia and flagella structure
Motile projections attached beneath cell membrane
Cilia and flagella function
Moving substances in one direction across cell surfaces
Microfilaments and microtubules structure
Strands of protein acting as
Microfilaments and microtubules function
Braces and strengthens the cells surface, provides support
Control center
Cell nucleus
Cell nucleus
Cellular organelle located near the center
Cell nucleus enclosed in
Double bilayer called the nuclear envelope
Nuclear envelope consists of
Inner and outer membranes that maintain the integrity of the nucleus
Porous
Nuclear envelope
Why is the nuclear membrane porous
To allow substances to move between the cytoplasm and the nucleus
->->
Chromatin, chromosome, either side
Nucleolus structure
Small dense body made of RNA and protein
Nucleolus function
Help form ribosomes
Chromatin structure
Fibers composed of protein and DNA molecules
Chromatin function
Contain cellular information for making proteins needed in carrying on life processes (genetic material [RNA and DNA])
Chromatin…
Codes for proteins
Passive and active mechanisms
Movements through cell membranes include these
Passive
No energy required
Forms of passive transport
Diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis and filtration
Active
Requires cellular energy
Active transport called
Active transport and endocytosis
Ribosomes =
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
No ribosomes =
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Diffusion
Process by which molecules or ions become scattered or are spread from regions of higher concentrations to regions of lower concentrations
Molecules move until
Equilibrium is obtained
Passive mechanisms responsible for
Exchange of of oxygen and co2 between the air and the blood in the lungs and between the blood and the cells
Facilitated diffusion
Special carrier molecules (usually proteins) move substances through the cell membrane from higher to lower regions of concentration
Osmosis
When water molecules diffuse from a region of higher water concentration toward a region of lower water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane
