Chapter 1 Notes Flashcards
anatomy
science that deals with the structure of body parts
physiology
Study of how living organisms perform their vital function
how are anatomy and physiology related
anatomy provides clues about probable function in terms of anatomy be used her explain physiological mechanisms
List and describe the major characteristics of life
maintain boundaries
internal environment remains distinct from external environment
list and describe the major characteristics of life
movement
self initiated change in organisms position
List and describe the major characteristics of life
responsiveness
ability to sense changes in the environment and then respond to them
List and describe the major characteristics of life
digestion
process of breaking down ingested food into simple molecules that can be absorbed into blood
List and describe the major characteristics of life
metabolism
all chemical reactions in the body
List and describe the major characteristics of life
catabolism
Breaking down substances into their simpler building blocks
list and describe the major characteristics of life
anabolism
synthesizing more complex cellular structures from simpler substances
List and describe the major characteristics of life
Cellular respiration
using nutrients and oxygen to produce ATP
listen describe the major characteristics of life
excretion
The process of removing waste from the body
list and describe the major characteristics of life
reproduction
The creation of offspring by parent/parents
List and describe the major characteristics of life
growth
increase in size of a body part or the organism
water
The most abundant substance in the body
nutrients
provide the body with necessary minerals
nutrients list
water, minerals, vitamins, fats, proteins, carbs
oxygen
used in the process of releasing energy from food substances
heat
product of metabolic reactions
pressure
Application of force to something
homeostasis
tendency to maintain a stable internal environment regardless of outside world changes
why is homeostasis important
condition of fluid surrounding body must be stable to survive
list levels of organization
Atoms, molecules, macromolecules, organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism
atoms
smallest stable unit of matter
molecules
Atoms bound together
macromolecules
molecules combined
organelles
Basic component of microscopic cells, perform function
cells
smallest unit of living things, perform functions
tissue
Group of cells performing specific functions
Organ
discrete structure that performs a specific function of the body, group of tissues
organ system
organs that work closely together with one another to accomplish a common purpose
organism
made up of organ systems
abdominopelvic cavity
abdominal portion
stomach, liver, clean, gallbladder, small and large intestines
abdominopelvic cavity
pelvic portion
end of large intestine, urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs
identify the membranes associated with The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
THORACIC
parietal pleura, visceral pleura, pericardial membranes
identify the membranes associated with The thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
ABDOMINOPELVIC
Peritoneal membrane
parietal peritoneum
lines wall
visceral peritonium
covers each organ
integumentary system
protect underlying tissues and regulates temperature
skeletal system
consist of bone, ligaments and cartilage
ligaments
connects bone to bone, stabilizing
cartilage
A cushioning tissue
muscular system
provide forces that cause movement
nervous system
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense organs
endocrine system
secretes hormones
digestive system
converts food particles into simpler ones
respiratory system
intake and output of air
circulatory system
heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and blood
lymphatic system
lymphatic vessels, lymph fluid, nodes, spleen
urinary system
kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
reproductive system
production of new organisms
