Chapter 3 Morality

Question 1

Civil government

Answer 1

The proper authority for giver ing and enforcing laws at the local, municipal, state, or national level

Question 2

Civil law

Answer 2

A rule of conduct imposed by civil authority

Question 3

Common good

Answer 3

The total of social conditions that will allow both individuals and groups to reach their human and spiritual fulfillment more easily

Question 4

Consequentialism

Answer 4

An ethical system that determines the level of goodness or evil from the effect or result of an act

Question 5

Ecclesiastical government

Answer 5

The Church’s own governing body, such as a diocese or the Holy See

Question 6

End

Answer 6

The primary goal of the intention and the purpose pursued in an action

Question 7

Equality of proportion

Answer 7

Principle that the burden of law must be shared by all

Question 8

Eternal law

Answer 8

God’s wisdom as manifested in the nature of acts and movements

Question 9

Fundamental opinion

Answer 9

The free and responsible choice a person makes to orient, in a radical manner, his whole existence in a moral direction toward good or evil

Question 10

Human law

Answer 10

Law promulgated by human authority, either civil or ecclesiastical. Must be consistent with the laws of God, conform to the natural law, and promote the good of society

Question 11

Intention

Answer 11

A movement of the will toward an end

Question 12

Just law

Answer 12

An ordinance of reason that exists for the common good, having been made by legitimate authority and legislated through an appropriate and recognized process

Question 13

Law

Answer 13

An ordinance of reason that exists for the common good, having been made by legitimate authority and legislated through an appropriate and recognized process

Question 14

Law of grace

Answer 14

The New Law ushered in by Christ

Question 15

Laws of nature

Answer 15

Descriptions of the behavior of the material universe

Question 16

Legitimate Authority

Answer 16

A recognized and official authority in civil or ecclesiastical law

Question 17

Object

Answer 17

That toward which the will directs itself. This is distinct from the intention that a person has when performing an act

Question 18

Positive laws

Answer 18

Laws created by the proper authority that enjoin specific obligations upon individuals and bind in conscience insofar as they conform to the dictates of the divine and natural laws

Question 19

Principle of double effect

Answer 19

An act may be performed, even if accompanied by an unintended bad effect, if the act itself is good or indifferent, the good act far oureaches the bad effect

Question 20

Proportionalism

Answer 20

An ethical system that deduces the moral value of an act from the proportion of its good and evil effects

Question 21

Situation ethics

Answer 21

An ethical system that determines the good or evil nature of an act from the circumstances

Question 22

Universality

Answer 22

The ability ro be applied to everyone in every situation

Question 23

Unjust law

Answer 23

A law that contradicts or otherwise fails to conform to divine and natural law

Question 24

Circumstances

Answer 24

The condition or state of affairs surrounding a moral decision; these include the consequences of an action