Chapter 3 - Legal

Question 1

Constitutional law

Answer 1

identifies the powers and limitations of each branch of
government: legislative, executive, and judicial

Question 2

Statutory law

Answer 2

is written and enacted by Congress, state legislatures, or
local governing authorities in response to a perceived need. Statutory law includes criminal, civil, administrative, and regulatory laws.

Question 3

Criminal law

Answer 3

identifies behaviors deemed unacceptable by society. Criminal law also sets punishments for those behaviors

Question 4

Ordinances

Answer 4

laws enacted by a municipal (city) or county government

Question 5

Civil law

Answer 5

is the legal action that a person takes to resolve a non-criminal
private dispute with another person

Question 6

Administrative law

Answer 6

the body of law that establishes the operations and
procedures of governmental agencies

Question 7

Case law

Answer 7

the body of law formed by the decisions of the court system
(the judicial branch)

Question 8

Due process

Answer 8

that laws must be applied fairly and equally to all people, including a person accused of a crime

Question 9

Substantive due process

Answer 9

the fair and consistent enforcement of the law. This means that people are treated fairly

Question 10

Procedural due process

Answer 10

the procedures that must be followed to protect a person’s rights during a criminal justice process

Question 11

First Amendment

Answer 11

Protects the right to free speech, press, assembly, and religion

Question 12

Second Amendment

Answer 12

Protects right to bear arms

Question 13

Fourth Amendment

Answer 13

Protects from unreasonable search and seizure

Question 14

Fifth Amendment

Answer 14

Protects against self-incrimination and guarantees due process

Question 15

Sixth Amendment

Answer 15

Establishes a right to a speedy trial, impartial jury, and assistance of counsel

Question 16

Eighth Amendment

Answer 16

Protects against cruel and unusual punishment and prohibits the use of excessive bail or fines.

Question 17

Fourteenth Amendment

Answer 17

Establishes due process and equal protection of the laws.

Question 18

Offense

Answer 18

a breach of law and broadly describes criminal or
non-criminal acts that are punishable under Florida law

Question 19

Misdemeanor

Answer 19

is any criminal offense with a maximum incarceration
penalty in a county jail of up to one year

Question 20

Felony

Answer 20

is any criminal offense committed where the maximum penalty is death or incarceration in a state correctional facility for more than one year

Question 21

Enhanced penalty

Answer 21

is a sentence that is increased from one classification
of offense to a more serious classification due to a prior conviction or
the serious nature of the circumstances involved

Question 22

Principal in the first degree

Answer 22

is a person who commits any criminal offense, whether felony or misdemeanor, aids, abets, counsels, hires, or persuades an offense to be committed or attempted

Question 23

Accessory after the fact

Answer 23

a person who gives the principal any aid with the intent that the principal avoids or escapes detention, arrest, trial, or punishment

Question 24

Criminal intent

Answer 24

the conscious decision someone makes to deliberately engage in an unlawful or negligent act, or to harm someone else

Question 25

Probable cause

Answer 25

a fair probability or reasonable grounds to believe that someone committed a crime, based on the totality of circumstances

Question 26

General intent

Answer 26

when a suspect intentionally commits an illegal act prohibited by law without considering the results of the illegal act.

Question 27

Specific intent

Answer 27

the intent to commit a crime and the intent to deprive an owner of something permanently.

Question 28

Transferred intent

Answer 28

when a crime is intended to harm one person and inadvertently causes a second person to be hurt instead.

Question 29

Recklessness

Answer 29

imposes criminal liability on defendants when they did not intend for a behavior to cause the resulting harm

Question 30

CHAP 3Negligence

Answer 30

the failure to behave with the level of care that a reasonably
prudent person would have exercised under the same circumstances