Chapter 3 - Different Types of Nutritional Needs Flashcards
Discuss the reasons why some people choose to follow a vegetarian diet.
1) Due to religious reasons, for example, Buddhism and Hinduism encourage devotees to become vegetarians to show compassion for animals.
2) Due to health reasons. Meat can be high in cholesterol and can lead to weight problems.
3) Due to dietary reasons. Some people may have diseases such as obesity or heart problems thus they have to reduce their intake of meat.
4) Due to ethical reasons. They feel that it is cruel to slaughter the animal for their meat.
5) Due to psychological reasons. Some people may find meat unappealing or they are influenced by others who have become vegetarians.
Identify and discuss the problems that could be associated with vegetarian diets.
1) A vegetarian diet will lack High Biological Value (HBV) proteins. However, vegans can obtain HBV proteins from tofu.
2) Vegans should also include tofu and soya milk and tofu in their diet to meet their daily calcium needs.
3) Vegans can take Vitamin B12 supplements to make up for the lack of Vitamin B12 in their diet.
4) Vegetarians need to consume food rich in Vitamin C which helps in the absorption of iron from green leafy vegetables.
5) Vegetarians can obtain iodine by including seaweed in their diet since their diet does not include seafood, which is rich in iodine.
Suggest ways to ensure that vegetarians consume enough High Biological Value (HBV) proteins in their diet.
One way is to combine food with different types of Low Biological Value (LBV) proteins in a meal so that amino acids lacking in one particular food can be complemented by those in another food.
For instance, they can consume baked beans on toasted bread OR They can also consume lentil soup with pita bread.
What are vegetarians.
Vegetarians are those who have conscientious, religious or aesthetic objections to using animal flesh or animal products as food.
What are the difference between a vegan/Strict vegetarian and Lacto-vegetarian.
● Vegan/Strict vegetarian: Will not eat any food that is
of animal origin. This means meat, seafood, poultry,
butter, milk, cheese and eggs.
● Lacto-vegetarian: Will not eat meat, seafood or
poultry but will eat butter, milk and cheese.
Based on a physiological factor, explain why elderly people require the least energy.
Level of activity
● They may be not be working and are likely to only
perform light activities.
● They might have weak bodies or have health
conditions which will prevent from doing heavy
activities.
Suggest, with reasons, two dietary recommedations which could help to prevent diet-related diseases among elderly people.
● Consume more dairy products. This is to maintain
calcium mass in bones and teeth and prevent
osteoporosis.
● Prepare food with less fats, especially saturated fats.
This is to decrease risk of diet-related diseases such
coronary heart diseases or prevent such diseases if
already present from worsening.
Provide one reason why vegetarians should include seaweed in their diet.
Seaweed is rich in iodine which is lacking in their diet as they do not eat seafood.
Provide one other reason why it is better for lacto-vegetarians to obtain calcium from dairy products than from green leafy vegetables.
Calcium from green leafy vegetables is not easily absorbed by the body.
Explain why soya is important in a vegan diet.
To obtain all the essential amino acids that the body needs, a vegetarian needs to consume food that contains proteins which have high biological value.
However, such food is usually of animal origin which a vegetarian will avoid consuming.
Soya is of plant origin contains all the essential amino acids that a vegetarian needs without consuming food of animal origin.
Name three soya products.
● Soya milk
● Miso / tempeh
● tofu
