Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is an organic molecule?
These molecules contain carbon and hydrogen.
What are functional groups and their properties?
They are groups of atoms within molecules, they’re hydrophilic, polar, and more involved in chemical reactions.
What is a macromolecule? List 4 examples.
A macromolecule is a large building unit of life. They are proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
What is the difference between a monomer and polymer?
A polymer is made up of several monomers.
What is the dehydration reaction and its purpose?
It removes water molecules from the reaction to build.
What is hydrolysis and its purpose?
It adds water molecules to the reaction to break.
How do dehydration reactions occur between amino acids?
Amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds (dehydration synthesis).
A polypeptide bond is a c _ _ _ _ _ _ t bond linking two amino acids together.
Covalent.
What are the 4 levels of protein structure?
Primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary structures.
True or false: primary structure is determined by DNA and it determines how protein folds together.
True.
What are two examples of secondary structure?
Alpha helix and pleated sheet.
What is protein denaturation and potential causes?
Denaturation occurs when polypeptide chains unravel/lose shape. Potential causes are pH and temperature.
How does RNA differ from DNA?
RNA has U instead of T, it has one strand, and it has ribose sugar.
What is a monosaccharide and an example?
They are a simple sugar, glucose.
What is a disaccharide and an example?
They are two monosaccahrides linked together through dehydration reaction, lactose.
