Chapter 25 Flashcards
What is physical digestion?
Food is broken into small fragments by chewing or grinding.
What is chemical digestion?
Food is broken down primarily in the intestine and involves hydrolysis reactions to free food sub units.
What is saliva?
It is a mucous solution produced in a mouth.
Why do humans need saliva?
It makes it easier to swallow food.
What does the hydrolytic enzyme called salivary amylase found in saliva do? Hint: hydrolysis is meant to break down.
It breaks down starch into the disaccharide maltose.
Why is it important for gastric acid to have a pH of 2?
So it can break down food and kill microbes.
True or false: the stomach does NOT secrete enzymes.
False, it does.
What is the primary organ digestion and absorption of nutrients in the body?
Small intestine.
Emulsification: the l _ _ _ r secretes bile salts into the s _ _ _ l intestine. These bile salts turn drops of fat into microscopic droplets. This is how lipids are digested.
Liver, small.
Why is emulsification important? Hint: It is because the enzyme lipase needs s _ _ _ _ _ e a _ _ a to break down fat.
Surface area.
Are lipids absorbed in lymphatic vessels or blood vessels?
Lymphatic vessels.
The l _ _ _ r is the largest internal organ of the body. It produces bile and stores it in the gallbladder.
Liver.
True or false: veins carry blood from the stomach and intestine to the liver.
True.
Alcohol and drugs are taken into l _ _ _ r cells and metabolized.
Liver.
The liver removes t _ _ _ _ s by turning them into less toxic forms.
Toxins.
