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Anatomy > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

4 elements of cell theory

A

1) cell most basic part of body
2) activity of organism depends on activity of cells
3) certain cells do certain things
4) continuity of life has a cellular basis

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2
Q

3 regions of the nucleus

A

1) Nuclear envelope
2) nucleolus
3) Chromatin

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3
Q

nucleoli

A

assemble ribosomes, found in nucleus

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4
Q

phospholipid heads

A

hydrophilic

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5
Q

phopholipid tails

A

hydrophobic

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6
Q

proteins in cell membrane

A

1)enzymes, 2)receptors, 3)transport

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7
Q

Tight Junctions

A

impermeable, keep substances from passing in between cells

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8
Q

desmosomes

A

prevent cells from being pulled apart. anchoring cells

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9
Q

gap junctions

A

connect cells so that they can communicate with each other through hollow tubes

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10
Q

which cell has no nucleus

A

red blood cells

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11
Q

_____ cells do not divide

A

brain cells

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12
Q

Site of Atp synthesis

A

mitochondria

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13
Q

site of protein synthesis

A

ribosome

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14
Q

holds ribosomes and transports proteins throughout the cell

A

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

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15
Q

lipid motabolism

A

smooth er

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16
Q

modifies, packages, and transports proteins

A

golgi apparatus

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17
Q

three pathways from the Golgi apparatus

A

1) Secretory: goes outside of the cell
2) In House: fuses with plasma membrane
3) lysosomes: digestive enzymes transported to lysosomes

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18
Q

digest worn down or non-usable cell structures

A

lysosomes

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19
Q

contain oxidase enzymes to detoxify harmful substances like alcohol

A

peroxisomes

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20
Q

generate spindle fibers during mitosis

A

centrioles

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21
Q

where can cilia be found?

A

lining the trachea to move mucus

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22
Q

cells that secretes cable like fibers

A

fibroblast

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23
Q

carries oxygen in the bloodstream

A

erythrocyte

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24
Q

covers and lines body organs

A

epithelial cell

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25
Q

cell that moves organs and body parts

A

skeletal and smooth muscle cells

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26
Q

cell that stores nutrients

A

fat cells

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27
Q

cell that fights disease

A

macrophage

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28
Q

cell that gathers information and controls body functions

A

nerve cell

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29
Q

cells of reproduction

A

oocyte, sperm

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30
Q

solvent

A

what is being dissolved into

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31
Q

solute

A

the stuff getting dissolved

32
Q

fluid inside the cell

A

intracellular fluid

33
Q

fluid outside of the cell

A

interstitial fluid

34
Q

plasma membrane is _____ permeable

A

selectively

35
Q

diffusion goes

A

down the concentration gradient: from highest concentration of solute to lowest concentration

36
Q

small particles and ____ ______ molecules are able to diffuse across the cellular membrane

A

lipid soluble

37
Q

water passes through the cell membrane using

A

aquaporins

38
Q

same solute and water concentrations

A

isotonic solution

39
Q

solution with more solute than the cell

A

hypertonic

40
Q

solution with less solute than the cell

A

hypotonic

41
Q

cell will shrink in a

A

hypertonic solution

42
Q

cell will swell in a

A

hypotonic solution

43
Q

diffusion of water

A

osmosis

44
Q

cell explodes

A

lycing

45
Q

building materials for cells

A

fibrous proteins

46
Q

4 types of tissue

A

1) epithelial
2) connective
3) muscle
4) nervous

47
Q

free surface of epithelial tissue

A

apical

48
Q

no blood supply

A

avascular

49
Q

simple squamous

A

FXN: diffusion
location: airsacks in lungs

50
Q

simple cuboidal

A

filtration

kidneys

51
Q

simple columnar

A

absorption

small intestine

52
Q

pseudostratified columnar

A

traps things

trachea

53
Q

stratified squamous

A

protection

mouth

54
Q

stratified cuboidal

A

protection

rare in the body

55
Q

stratified columnar

A

protection

ducts of large glands

56
Q

transitional

A

stretching

bladder

57
Q

glandular epithelium

A

secretion

thyroid

58
Q

two types of glands

A

endocrine and exocrine

59
Q

endocrine glands

A

ductless hormone glands, example thyroid

60
Q

exocrine glands

A

have ducts that lead to the surface of the epithelial tissue, ex. sweat glands

61
Q

nonliving cells that surround living cells

A

extracellular matrix

62
Q

bone

A

protect and support the body

femur

63
Q

hyaline cartilage

A

flexibility

larynx

64
Q

elastic cartilage

A

elasticity

ear

65
Q

fibrocartilage

A

compression

between the vertebrae in the spinal column

66
Q

dense connective tissue

A

attaching

tendons

67
Q

areolar

A

holds organs in place

around organs

68
Q

adipose

A

fuel storage

surrounds kidneys

69
Q

reticular

A

framework

lymphnodes

70
Q

blood

A

transportation

capillaries

71
Q

types of muscle tissue

A

cardiac, skeletal, smooth

72
Q

skeletal

A

moves things

deltoid

73
Q

cardiac

A

pump blood

heart

74
Q

smooth

A

propulsion

walls of the stomach

75
Q

nervous tissue

A

communication of signals

brain

Anatomy (12 decks)

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