Chapter 1 Flashcards
Levels of Organization
1)Atom 2)molecules 3) cells 4)tissue 5) Organ 6) Organ System 7)Organism
Integumentary System
Waterproofs the body, Protects deeper tissue, regulates body temperature. Skin.
Skeletal System
Supports the body, provides muscle attachment points, creates blood cells. Femur.
Muscular System
produces movement, maintains posture, produces heat. deltoid
nervous system
responds to internal and external change in a quick acting manner, activates muscles and glands. Brain
Endocrine system
in charge of things that need to happen slowly like growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Pancreas.
cardiovascular system
transports materials throughout the body. Heart
Lymphatic System
Returns fluids to the vessels, cleanses blood, involved in immunity. Lymph nodes
Respiratory system
gas exchange of CO2 and O2. Lungs
Digestive system
Breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, gets rid of waste. Stomach
Urinary system
eliminates waste, maintains acid-base balance, regulates water and electrolites
Reproductive system
Produce offspring, create hormones. Testes
nutrients
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, vitamins, minerals
% of oxygen we get from the oceans
80%
percent of our body weight that is water
60-80%
Necessary life functions list
1)Maintain boundaries 2)Movement 3) Responsiveness 4) Digestion 5) Metabolism 6) Excretion 7) Reproduction 8) Growth
Maintain Boundaries
keeping what is inside and what is outside separate. Integumentary system/ cell membranes
movement
moving body parts/ substances
Responsiveness/ irritability
ability to sense and react to stimuli in the environment
Digestion
The ability to break down food into nutrients the body is capable of using
metabolism
all the chemical reactions that take place in cells
Survival needs list
Nutrients, oxygen, water, stable body temperature, atmospheric pressure
homeostasis def
maintenance of stable internal conditions
negative feedback
something gets out of balance and a negative feedback mechanism straightens it out and returns it to balance. Ex. having to pee. your body makes you think you need to pee until you do
positive feedback
responds to a stimulus by making it more extreme. Ex. blood clot, your body keeps sending platelets to the wound to stop the blood flow.
which two systems are most active in preserving homeostasis
nervous and endocrine
elements of homeostasis
1)Stimulus2)receptor3) input sent down afferent pathway 4) control center 5) Output sent down efferent pathway to an effector 6) Response of the effector to the output
