Chapter 13 Flashcards
only external and visible part of the respiratory system
nose
muscles of respiratory system
diaphragm, internal/external intercostals
septum
perpendicular plate in the vomer
has voice box and epiglottis
larynx
epiglottis is made of
elastic cartilage
keeps air passages open
thyroid cartilage (type of hyaline cartilage)
cilated mucosa lining the trachea is what type of tissue
pseudostratified cilated columnar epithelium
cilia
finger like projections important for moving the mucus out of the airway and into the esophagus
bronchi enter the lung at the
hilum
lungs wrapped in
visceral pleura
body cavity lined with
parietal pleura
lobes in left and right lung
2 and 3
pleural fluid
fluid in between visceral and parietal pleura that prevents sticking
top of lung near clavicle
apex
positive air pressure
in lungs means the lungs always have air in them so they don’t completely collapse
alveolar pores
connect the different alveoli
where gas exchange takes place
pulminary capillaries in the alveoli
type of tissue found in alveoli
simple squamous epithelium
air-blood barrier
formed by alveolar walls where blood in the capillaries meets the air so that gas exchange can take place
moisturizes alveolar membranes
surfactant
alveolar macrophages
protect gas exchange process from invasion from bacteria, foreign particles
tidal volume moves about
500 ml of breath
Inspiratory reserve volume
how much more you can forcibly breath in past tidal volume. about 3100 ml
expiratory reserve volume
how much you can forcibly exhale after tidal volume. about 1200 ml
residual volume
air remaining in lung after expiration. about 1200 ml
vital capacity
tidal volume+ inspiratory reserve volume+ expiratory reserve volume. Men:4800 women: 3100
dead space volume
air that never reaches the lungs. about 150 ml
functional volume
air that actually reaches the respiratory zone. about 350 ml
volition
conscious control of breathing
most important factor for breathing rate
CO2 levels
results when blood becomes alkaline
hypoventalation
