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American Government (12th Grade) > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

The Preamble

A

the intro, why the constitution was written

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2
Q

Article 1

A

legislative branch

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3
Q

Article 2

A

executive branch

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4
Q

Article 3

A

judicial branch

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5
Q

Article 4

A

relationship of states to each other and to the national government

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6
Q

Article 5

A

ways Constitution can be changed

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7
Q

Article 6

A

establishes that laws passed by Congress are the supreme law

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8
Q

Article 7

A

ratification of the Constitution

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9
Q

Popular Sovereignty

A

rule by the people

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10
Q

Federalism

A

power divided between national government and state government

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11
Q

Separation of Powers

A

divided power among 3 branches of government

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12
Q

Checks and balances

A

each branch of government exercises some control over the others

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13
Q

Judicial review

A

power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional

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14
Q

Maybury v Madison

A

established the precedent for federal courts to rule on actions of the government

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15
Q

Limited government

A

constitution limits the actions of government by listing specifically what it can and can’t do

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16
Q

Enumerated Powers of Legislative Branch (17 powers)

A
  • 5 of them deal with economic legislation
  • 7 of them provide for defense
  • naturalizing citizens
  • establishing post offices
  • securing patents and copyrights
  • establishing courts
  • governing the District of Colombia
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17
Q

elastic clause

A

allows Congress to make all laws necessary to carry out their given powers

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18
Q

McCulloch v Maryland

A

court ruled in favor of elastic clause

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19
Q

Powers of Executive Branch (10 powers)

A
  • commander in chief of armed forces
  • appoints heads of executive departments
  • pardon people convicted of federal crimes
  • make treaties with the advice and consent of Senate
  • appoint ambassadors
  • delivers an annual State of the Union message to Congress
  • calls Congress into special session when necessary
  • meets with heads of state, ambassadors, foreign officials
  • commissions all military officers
  • ensures that laws are “faithfully” executed
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20
Q

federal courts

A

powers derive from the Constitution and federal laws

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21
Q

state courts

A

powers derived from state constitutions and laws

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22
Q

jurisdiction of the court

A

the subject matter of the case and the parties involved

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23
Q

the president as a legislator

A

proposes much of the legislative agenda and spells out the details of programs that are enacted into law

24
Q

proposing amendments

A

2/3 vote from each house of Congress

25
Q

balanced budget

A

the federal government’s spending never exceeds its income

26
Q

ratifying amendments

A

legislatures in 3/4 of the states, and each state needs to call a special ratifying convention

27
Q

Equal Rights Amendment

A

prohibit discrimination of the basis of gender

28
Q

Congress expanded the executive branch by…

A

creating cabinet departments, agencies, boards, and commissions

29
Q

Congress expanded the judicial branch by…

A
  • created additional federal courts
  • establishing new rules of federal court procedure
  • provided for court workers such as bailiffs and clerks
30
Q

1st Amendment

A

freedom of speech, religion, and press

31
Q

2nd Amendment

A

right to bear arms

32
Q

3rd Amendment

A

prohibits the government from forcing people to shelter soldiers

33
Q

4th Amendment

A

right to privacy

34
Q

5th Amendment

A
  • no one can be tried without enough evidence
  • someone found innocent for a crime can’t be convicted for the same crime again
  • no one can be forced to testify against themselves
35
Q

6th Amendment

A

right to defend one’s self in court

36
Q

7th Amendment

A

right to a jury trial in federal courts to settle disputes about property worth more than $20

37
Q

8th Amendment

A

prohibits excessive bail

38
Q

9th Amendment

A

other rights not spelled out in the Constitution are given to the people

39
Q

10th Amendment

A

reaffirm the relationship between national government and state government

40
Q

11th Amendment

A

prohibits a state from being sued in federal court by citizens of another state or country

41
Q

Chisholm v Georgia

A

amendment introduced to limit the jurisdiction of the federal courts

42
Q

12 Amendment

A

created the Electoral College

43
Q

13th Amendment

A

outlaws slavery

44
Q

14th Amendment

A

protects rights of citizenship in general by prohibiting a state from depriving any person of life, liberty, or property

45
Q

15th Amendment

A

prohibits government from denying person’s right to vote on the basis of race

46
Q

16th Amendment

A

Congress’ power to levy individual income taxes

47
Q

17th Amendment

A

the people elect US Senators

48
Q

18th Amendment

A

prohibits alcohol

49
Q

19th Amendment

A

women can vote

50
Q

20th Amendment

A

allows Congress to begin its term and for the inauguration of president

51
Q

21st Amendment

A

repeals 18th Amendment

52
Q

22nd Amendment

A

president can only serve 2 terms

53
Q

23rd Amendment

A

allows citizens living in DC to vote for president

54
Q

24th Amendment

A

prohibits poll tax

55
Q

25th Amendment

A

vice president takes over for president when he’s disabled

56
Q

26th Amendment

A

people can vote at 18 yrs old

57
Q

27th Amendment

A

prohibits any law that increases or decreases the salary of members of Congress from taking effect until the start of the next set of terms of office for Representatives

American Government (12th Grade) (22 decks)

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