Chapter 11

Question 1

Federal Court Jurisdiction (3 examples)

Answer 1

federal courts are given jurisdictional authority to hear cases if certain parties are involved

• ambassadors or other reps of foreign governments
• 2 or more state governments
• US government or one of its offices or agencies

Question 2

Concurrent Jurisdiction

Answer 2

both state and federal courts have jurisdiction

Question 3

Original Jurisdiction

Answer 3

a trial court, the court in which a case is initially tried

Question 4

Appellate Jurisdiction

Answer 4

if a person who loses a case in trial court wishes to appeal a decision

Question 5

litigants

Answer 5

people engaged in a law suit

Question 6

States’ Rights Era and the Scott Case (3)

Answer 6

• Taney read an opinion that declared that blacks weren’t and couldn’t be citizens
• the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
• Congress was powerless to stop the spread of slavery

Question 7

Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 7

established separate but equal doctrine

Question 8

grand jury

Answer 8

hears charges against a person suspected of having committed a crime

Question 9

indictment

Answer 9

a formal accusation charging a person with a crime

Question 10

petit jury

Answer 10

weigh the evidence presented at a trial in a criminal or civil case

Question 11

US marshal (3)

Answer 11

• makes arrests
• secures jurors
• keep order in the courtroom

Question 12

US State Circuit Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

Answer 12

hears cases from a federal claims court and executive agencies

Question 13

US Court of Federal Claims

Answer 13

handles claims against the US for money damages

Question 14

US Tax Court

Answer 14

relating to federal taxes

Question 15

US Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces

Answer 15

hears cases involving members of the armed forces convicted of breaking military law

Question 16

Territorial Courts

Answer 16

handle civil, criminal, and constitutional cases

Question 17

Courts of the District of Colombia

Answer 17

civil and criminal cases within the District of Colombia

Question 18

The Court of Veterans’ Appeals

Answer 18

cases dealing with veterans’ claims for benefits and other problems

Question 19

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court

Answer 19

approve wiretaps and searches of anyone suspected of terrorism

Question 20

4 Ways Federal Judges are Selected

Answer 20

• Party Affiliation
• Judicial Philosophy
• Sentorial Courtesy
• Background of Federal Judges

Question 21

Supreme Court Jurisdiction covers 2 types of cases

Answer 21

• cases involving reps of foreign governments

- certain cases in which a state is a party

Question 22

Duties of Justices (3)

Answer 22

• decide which cases to hear
• decide the case itself
• determine an explanation for the decision aka the Court’s opinion

Question 23

Chief Justice (2)

Answer 23

• presiding over sessions and conferences at which cases are discussed
• helps administer the federal court system

Question 24

Law Clerks (2)

Answer 24

• read all appeals filed with the Court and write memos summarizing the key issues of each case
• help prepare Court’s opinion

Question 25

Role of the American Bar Association

Answer 25

evaluate the professional qualifications of candidates for all Article lll judicial positions

Question 26

Role of Other Interest Groups

Answer 26

use lobbyists, agents, and media to make their position on nominees

Question 27

Role of Justices (2)

Answer 27

• write letters of rec

- lobby the president for a certain candidate

Question 28

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 28

chief justice secured for the Court the power of judicial review