Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Federal Court Jurisdiction (3 examples)

A

federal courts are given jurisdictional authority to hear cases if certain parties are involved

  • ambassadors or other reps of foreign governments
  • 2 or more state governments
  • US government or one of its offices or agencies
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2
Q

Concurrent Jurisdiction

A

both state and federal courts have jurisdiction

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3
Q

Original Jurisdiction

A

a trial court, the court in which a case is initially tried

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4
Q

Appellate Jurisdiction

A

if a person who loses a case in trial court wishes to appeal a decision

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5
Q

litigants

A

people engaged in a law suit

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6
Q

States’ Rights Era and the Scott Case (3)

A
  • Taney read an opinion that declared that blacks weren’t and couldn’t be citizens
  • the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
  • Congress was powerless to stop the spread of slavery
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7
Q

Plessy v. Ferguson

A

established separate but equal doctrine

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8
Q

grand jury

A

hears charges against a person suspected of having committed a crime

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9
Q

indictment

A

a formal accusation charging a person with a crime

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10
Q

petit jury

A

weigh the evidence presented at a trial in a criminal or civil case

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11
Q

US marshal (3)

A
  • makes arrests
  • secures jurors
  • keep order in the courtroom
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12
Q

US State Circuit Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit

A

hears cases from a federal claims court and executive agencies

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13
Q

US Court of Federal Claims

A

handles claims against the US for money damages

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14
Q

US Tax Court

A

relating to federal taxes

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15
Q

US Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces

A

hears cases involving members of the armed forces convicted of breaking military law

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16
Q

Territorial Courts

A

handle civil, criminal, and constitutional cases

17
Q

Courts of the District of Colombia

A

civil and criminal cases within the District of Colombia

18
Q

The Court of Veterans’ Appeals

A

cases dealing with veterans’ claims for benefits and other problems

19
Q

Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court

A

approve wiretaps and searches of anyone suspected of terrorism

20
Q

4 Ways Federal Judges are Selected

A
  • Party Affiliation
  • Judicial Philosophy
  • Sentorial Courtesy
  • Background of Federal Judges
21
Q

Supreme Court Jurisdiction covers 2 types of cases

A
  • cases involving reps of foreign governments

- certain cases in which a state is a party

22
Q

Duties of Justices (3)

A
  • decide which cases to hear
  • decide the case itself
  • determine an explanation for the decision aka the Court’s opinion
23
Q

Chief Justice (2)

A
  • presiding over sessions and conferences at which cases are discussed
  • helps administer the federal court system
24
Q

Law Clerks (2)

A
  • read all appeals filed with the Court and write memos summarizing the key issues of each case
  • help prepare Court’s opinion
25
Role of the American Bar Association
evaluate the professional qualifications of candidates for all Article lll judicial positions
26
Role of Other Interest Groups
use lobbyists, agents, and media to make their position on nominees
27
Role of Justices (2)
- write letters of rec | - lobby the president for a certain candidate
28
Marbury v. Madison
chief justice secured for the Court the power of judicial review