Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biol 1000 > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Organic compound

A

carbon based molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Carbons share electrons to bond with up to ___ different atoms

A

four

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hydro carbons

A

composed of hydrogen and carbon. won’t dissolve in aq’s sol’n

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Isomers

A

same chemical formula but different structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Functional groups definition

A

always have same atoms grouped together and added on to form completely different molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Functional groups:

A
  • hydroxyl
  • carboxyl
  • carbonyl
  • amino
  • phosphate
  • methyl
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Hydrophilic

A

water loving. polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hydrophobic

A

water fearing. non polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

4 classes of biological molecules important to organisms

A
  1. carbohydrates
  2. proteins
  3. nuceic acids
  4. lipids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dehydration reaction

A

monomers are linked together to form polymers, which removes h2o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hydrolysis

A

polymers are broken apart by addition of h2o

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

2 monomers =

A

polymer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Macromolecule

A

Large biological molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Polysaccharides

A

polymere composed of thousands of monosaccharides, they’re macromolecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Examples of polysaccharides

A

starch and glycogen. also used for energy storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cellulose

A

polymer of glucose and forms call walls. helps clean out our intestines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chitin

A

polysaccharide used to build insect exoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Proteins are composed of..

A

different arrangements of a common set of just 20 amino acid monomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Amino acids composed of…

A

amino group and carboxyl group

20
Q

Amino acids

A

linked together in a dehydration reaction, creating peptide bond

21
Q

Polypeptide

A

chain of amino acids linked by a peptide bond

22
Q

Proteins functions are..

A
  • enzymes
  • structural
  • contractile
  • defensive
  • signal
  • receptor
  • transport
  • storage
23
Q

Denaturation

A

process when a polypeptide chain unravels, losses it shape or function. relaxing of protein

24
Q

4 levels of structure conformation

A

primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

25
Q

Primary structure

A

determines the cells genetic info, the aa sequence

26
Q

Secondary structure

A

hydrogen bonding resulting in a alpha helix, or pleated sheets.

27
Q

Tertiary structure

A

covalent bonding resulting in the overal 3D shape of a polypeptide

28
Q

Quaternary

A

2 or more polypeptide chains works together to form great protein

29
Q

Gene

A

aa sequence of a polypeptide which is programmed by a discrete unit of inheritance

30
Q

DNA

A

deoxyribonucleic acid

31
Q

DNA is transcribed through…

A

RNA

32
Q

RNA

A

ribonucleic acid

33
Q

DNA and RNA are composed of..

A

monomers called nucleotides

34
Q

Nucleotides have 3 parts

A
  1. 5 carbon sugar
  2. phosphate group
  3. nitrogenous base
35
Q

Nitrogenous bases:

A

adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, uracil

36
Q

In RNA adenine pairs with..

A

Uracil

37
Q

In DNA adenine pairs with..

A

Thymine

38
Q

In DNA cytosine pairs with..

A

Guanine

39
Q

Lipid

A

consists mainly of carbon and hydrogen atom, long term NRG. non polar

40
Q

3 types of lipids

A

fats, phospholipids, and steroids

41
Q

Fat

A

large lipid made up of glycerol and fatty acid

42
Q

Unsaturated fats

A

FA containing 1 or more double bonds

43
Q

Saturated fats

A

maximum number of hydrogen

44
Q

Phospholipids

A

structurally similar fats, major component of all cells

45
Q

Phosolipids have a hydrophilic ___ and hydrophobic ___

A
  1. head 2. tail

Biol 1000 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions