Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

_____ and ____ bond together to form compound

A

Elements and atoms

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2
Q

Compound

A

mixture of two or more different atoms at a fixed ratio

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3
Q

Electrons

A

smaller then protons, negative charge

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4
Q

Another word for weight

A

dalton

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5
Q

Atomic number

A

of protons

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6
Q

Valence shell

A

deals with the activity, loves to have a full shell, the outer most shell

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7
Q

Valency

A

of electrons needed to fill outer shell

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8
Q

Covalent bond

A

two atoms share one or more outer shell electrons. strongest bond

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9
Q

Molecule

A

two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond

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10
Q

Electronegativity

A

the attraction for shared electrons

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11
Q

Polar covalent bonds

A

unequal sharing

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12
Q

Non polar covalent bonds

A

equal sharing

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13
Q

Ionic bond

A

attraction that holds molecules together. donates e-, accepts e-

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14
Q

Cation

A

positive charge. donated e-

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15
Q

Anion

A

negative charge. accepted e-

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16
Q

Salt

A

almost always exist in nature as crystals. tough strong dry bond. ions interact w/ water and break up

17
Q

Crystal line state

A

strong expose to water

18
Q

Hydrogen bonds

A

weak bonds, but essential to life

19
Q

Cohesion

A

tendency of molecules of the same kind to bind together

20
Q

Adhesion

A

tendency of to bind together

21
Q

Surface tension

A

a measure of how difficult it is to break the surface of a liquid

22
Q

Heat capacity

A

how fast a liquid will warm up or cool down

23
Q

Heat

A

form of energy associated with movement of molecules

24
Q

Temperature

A

measures the intensity of heat

25
Evaporative cooling
when a substance evaporated the surface of the liquid that remains behind cools down
26
Solution
liquid consisting of a uniform mixture of two or more substances
27
Aqueous solution
one in which water is the solvent
28
Ex of aqueous solution
cells in our bodies
29
Acid
compound that releases hydrogen to a sol'n
30
Base
compound that accepts hydrogen and removes them from sol'n
31
Between each pH level it goes down by units of..
10
32
Buffer
substance that minimizes changes in pH. accepts H when excess and donates H when depleted
33
pH of blood
7.4
34
pH
measures hydrogen in a sol'n