Chapter 3 Flashcards
The concept of restorative justice and the programs associated with it; civil disobedience and when it may be appropriate.
What is fairness?
Refers to equal shares or treatment.
What is equality?
Means the same value, rights, or treatment between all in a specific
group.
What is impartiality?
Related to fairness and means not favoring one party or interest
over another.
What is the concept of justice?
The basis of law, defining it as the unwritten customs of a people that distinguish between what is and is not honorable.
What is distributive justice?
Concerns what measurement should be used to allocate society’s resources.
What is corrective justice?
Concerns unfair advantage or undeserved harm between people.
What is the veil of ignorance?
A heuristic device used to explain the idea that people will develop fair principles of distribution only if they are ignorant of their position in society.
What is substantive justice?
Refers to issues of inherent fairness.
What is retributive justice?
Based on balance and proportionality. The offender must suffer pain or loss proportional to what the victim was
made to suffer
What is utilitarian justice?
Based on balance and proportionality. This only supports punishment if it benefits society.
What does the hedonistic calculus measure?
The potential rewards of a crime, so the amount of threatened pain could be set to deter people from committing that crime.
What is due process?
Exemplifies procedural justice.
What is The Innocence Project?
They identify cases where people may have been falsely convicted.
What is civil disobedience?
The voluntary disobedience of established laws based on one’s moral beliefs.
What is confirmatory bias?
When investigators focus on a suspect and ignore contradictory evidence.
