Chapter 2 Flashcards
The controversy between relativism and absolutism; what is good according to each of the ethical systems.
Judgement is based on…?
Moral rules.
The ethics of virtue asks what question?
“What is a good person?”
What is the principle of the Golden Mean?
That virtue is always the median between two extremes of character.
What are the six pillars of character?
Trustworthiness, respect, responsibility, fairness, caring, and citizenship.
What is religious ethics?
Its based on religious beliefs of good and evil; what is good is that which is
God’s will.
What is ethical formalism?
The ethical system espoused by Kant focuses on duty.
What is the deontological ethical system?
The study of duty or moral obligation emphasizes the intent of the actor as the element of morality.
What are hypothetical imperatives?
Commands that designate certain actions to attain certain ends.
What are categorical imperatives?
Commands action that is necessary without any reference to intended purposes or consequences.
What is utilitarianism?
Claims that the greatest good is that which results in the greatest
happiness for the greatest number.
What is a teleological ethical system?
What is good is determined by the consequences of the action.
What is act utilitarianism?
Determines the goodness of a particular act by measuring the utility (good) for all, but only for that specific act and without regard for future actions.
What is rule utilitarianism?
One judges an action in reference to the precedent it sets and the long-term utility of the rule set by that action.
What is the peacemaking process?
An ancient approach to justice that includes the concepts of compassion and care, connectedness, and mindfulness.
What is egoism?
Postulates that what is good for one’s survival and personal happiness is moral.
